东寨港红树林凋落叶附生小型底栖动物的群落特征及影响因素  

Community characteristics and factors affecting meiofauna on mangrove leaf litter from Dongzhai Harbor

作　　者：王娟[1] 宋迎春 张烨 李诗川 刘小玉 慕芳红[1] WANG Juan;SONG Ying-chun;ZHANG Ye;LI Shi-chuan;LIU Xiao-yu;MU Fang-hong(College of Marine Life Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Hai Nan Dong Zhai Gang National Nature Reserve Authority,Haikou 571129,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003 [2]海南东寨港国家级自然保护区管理局,海南海口571129

出　　处：《海洋科学》2023年第9期28-39,共12页Marine Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41976100,41576153)。

摘　　要：小型底栖动物是红树林生态系统的重要组成部分,研究红树林小型底栖动物群落的群落特征,对于了解其生物多样性、监测和评价红树林生态系统的健康具有重要意义。本研究于2020年11月对海南省东寨港红树林国家级自然保护区的五个典型红树林的凋落叶附生小型底栖动物及其沉积物环境进行了调查采样,研究凋落叶附生小型底栖动物群落特征及其影响因素。共发现十二个小型底栖动物类群,自由生活海洋线虫类和底栖桡足类相对丰度分别为67.67%和29.31%。凋落叶附生小型底栖动物的平均丰度为5.27±3.35 ind·g^(-1),平均生物量为4.94±2.35μg dwt·g^(-1)。凋落叶附生小型底栖动物的丰度与生物量在不同红树林间差异显著,白骨壤、红海榄群落的丰度和生物量较高,混合红树群落的丰度和生物量最低。丰度、生物量与凋落叶可溶性缩合单宁含量、沉积物分选系数显著负相关,与偏态系数显著正相关。BIOENV分析结果显示沉积物叶绿素a含量、凋落物纤维素缩合单宁含量、沉积物分选系数和偏态系数的环境因子组合能最好地解释小型底栖动物的群落结构。本研究结果可为加深对红树林生态系统的整体认识提供基础数据,并为红树林生态系统结构和功能等问题的解析提供新的视角。Meiofauna is an important component of the mangrove ecosystem.Thus,it is important to elucidate the community characteristics of mangrove meiofauna to gain knowledge on the biodiversity,monitoring,and evaluation of the mangrove ecosystem’s health.The meiofauna on leaf litter and the sediment from five typical mangrove forests were investigated in Hainan,Dongzhai Harbor National Nature Reserve,China,in November 2020 to study the community characteristics and factors affecting meiofauna.A total of 12 meiofaunal groups were identified,and the relative abundances of nematodes and copepods were 67.67%and 29.31%,respectively.The average abundance of epiphytic meiofauna was(5.27±3.35)ind·g^(-1),and the average biomass was(4.94±2.35)μg dwt·g^(-1).The abundance and biomass of epiphytic meiofauna were significantly different among the five mangrove forests.The abundance and biomass of meiofauna in Avicennia marina and Rhizophora stylosa were higher than those of other mangrove forests,whereas the abundance and biomass of meiofauna in the mixed forest were the lowest.The abundance and biomass of meiofauna were negatively correlated with the content of soluble condensed tannins and the sorting coefficient,whereas they were positively correlated with the skewness coefficient.A combination of environmental factors,including the contents of chlorophyll a and cellulose condensed tannins,as well as the sorting and skewness coefficients,clearly explained the community structure of meiofauna.These results not only provide basic data for an overall understanding of the mangrove ecosystem but also new perspectives for future studies on the structure and function of mangrove ecosystems.

关 键 词：红树林 小型底栖动物 群落特征 凋落叶 东寨港 海南岛 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学] Q178[生物学—普通生物学] Q958