秦汉交通工程的经济史与社会史考察  

An Study on Transportation Projects in the Qin and Han Dynasties from the Perspective of Economic and Social History

作　　者：王子今 Wang Zijin

机构地区：[1]西北大学历史学院,西安710127 [2]“古文字与中华文明传承发展工程”协同攻关创新平台、中国人民大学国学院

出　　处：《中国经济史研究》2023年第6期5-16,共12页Researches in Chinese Economic History

基　　金：2020年度国家社会科学基金中国历史研究院重大研究专项(“兰台学术计划”)“中华文明起源与历史文化研究专题”委托项目“中华文化基因的渊源与演进”(批准号:20@WTC004)阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：继承秦人“好兴事”传统,秦代以“车同轨”为目标的交通工程追求宏大规模。从交通规划而言,汉代制度因循秦制,重要的交通建设由最高执政集团决策。对工程成本每多认真核计,则体现出国家经济管理的历史性进步。从社会史视角观察,民众的态度,受到执政者的重视,并影响到交通工程的启动和施行。秦汉交通工程多取军事化管理方式,可能首先基于对效率的考虑,或许也有避免过多冲击社会经济秩序和影响民生的动机。交通工程刻石纪功的传统,注重“用功”数额的记录,自汉代起历时长久,也自有制度史和社会史的缘由。Inheriting the tradition of Qin people's"preference for launching projects(hao xing shi)",the Qin Empire pursued large-scale transportation projects with the goal of"standardization of wheelbase(che tong gui)".The transportation planning system of the Han Dynasty was based on the Qin system,and important transportation construction was decided by the highest ruling group.Project costs were often carefully calculated,reflecting the historical progress of national economic management.From a social history perspective,the public attitudes was valued by rulers and influenced the initiation and implementation of transportation projects.The transportation projects mostly adopted militarized management,which may have been based on considerations of efficiency or perhaps to avoid excessive impact on social and economic order and public sentiment.There is a tradition of inscribing stone tablets to record achievements in transportation projects,focusing on the amount of man-days,a tradition that has lasted for a long time since the Han Dynasty for institutional and social history reasons.

关 键 词：汉承秦制 交通工程 制度史 社会史 

分 类 号：F512.9[经济管理—产业经济] K232[历史地理—历史学]