火灾环境下航空地毯燃烧特性及火灾危险性评估  

Combustion characteristics and fire risk assessment of aviation carpet under fire condition

作　　者：刘全义[1,2] 马凯庆 朱倩 魏超越 LIU Quanyi;MA Kaiqing;ZHU Qian;WEI Chaoyue(Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan 618307,Sichuan,China;College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan 618307,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空飞行学院民机火灾科学与安全工程四川省重点实验室,四川广汉618307 [2]中国民用航空飞行学院民航安全工程学院,四川广汉618307

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2023年第11期3913-3919,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2033206)。

摘　　要：为了探究民航客机用航空地毯材料的燃烧特性,结合锥形量热仪试验数据研究其在不同火灾环境下的燃烧特性,并且采用3种评价指标对材料的火灾危险性进行评估。结果表明:材料的热释放速率(Heat Release Rate,HRR)曲线只有1个增长峰,热辐射强度从20 kW/m^(2)增至50 kW/m^(2)时,材料燃烧的热释放速率峰值从233.16 kW/m^(2)增至349.55 kW/m^(2),质量损失速率随辐射强度增加而增加;燃烧过程中CO生成量随辐射强度增加而增加,CO_(2)生成量在较高辐射强度影响下随辐射强度的增加而增加;通过燃烧点燃模型得到航空地毯材料的理论临界热流为3.57 kW/m^(2);热辐射强度的变化对航空地毯的火灾危险指标影响较大。To explore the combustion characteristics of aviation carpet materials for the civil plane,the ignition conditions were simulated in real fire environments by changing thermal radiation conditions using a cone calorimeter.The variation regulation of parameters such as ignition time,mass loss rate,heat release rate,smoke composition,and release amount of different heat radiation intensities under fire conditions was studied by using experimental data measured on a cone calorimeter,and three evaluation indexes were used to test the fire risk of the material.The experimental results show that the Heat Release Rate(HRR)curve of the material has only one growth peak.When the heat radiation intensity increases from 20 kW/m^(2) to 50 kW/m^(2),the peak heat release rate of the material combustion increases from 233.16 kW/m^(2) to 349.55 kW/m^(2).The peak arrival time of the heat release rate advances with the increase in radiation intensity.The mass loss rate increases with increasing radiation intensity,and the peak time also arrives in advance.The amount of CO produced increases with increasing radiation intensity,and the amount of CO_(2) produced increases with increasing radiation intensity under the influence of higher radiation intensity.Through the combustion ignition model,the aviation carpet material belongs to the hot thick material,and the theoretical critical heat flux is 3.57 kW/m^(2).By calculating the fire performance index and fire growth indexes evaluation index,it is found that the change in thermal radiation values has a great influence on the fire risk index of aviation carpets.From the Petrella risk matrix,it can be seen that the flash-burning tendency of aviation carpets becomes larger,accompanied by the total amount of high heat release.With the increase of external radiation intensity,the carbonization shrinkage of combustion residues is obvious,and the char layer thickness of combustion residues of aviation carpets decreases and breaks.

关 键 词：安全工程 火灾危险性 航空地毯 燃烧特性 热释放速率 

分 类 号：X949[环境科学与工程—安全科学] V328[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]