类火星环境中火箭起降过程喷流影响研究  

Investigations on the Impact of the Jet Flow During Rocket Take-Off and Landing in the Martian-Like Atmosphere

作　　者：林晓辉 秦曈 李宗儒 杜涛 许常悦[1] LIN Xiaohui;QIN Tong;LI Zongru;DU Tao;XU Changyue(Key Laboratory of Aircraft Control and Life Support of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学飞行器环境控制与生命保障工业和信息化部重点实验室,南京210016 [2]北京宇航系统工程研究所,北京100076

出　　处：《宇航总体技术》2023年第6期12-23,共12页Astronautical Systems Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12172172);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目。

摘　　要：采用尺度自适应模拟(Scale Adaptive Simulation,SAS)方法对火箭在起降过程中喷流的地面效应进行了数值研究,对比分析了在海平面和类火星环境下的喷流冲击倾斜地面和水平地面时的流场结构以及喷管的侧向载荷。在海平面环境下,喷管内部出现流动分离,喷管内壁压力先减小,在分离点处压力达到最低点,然后压力增加至环境压力。喷流冲击倾斜地面时具有更强烈的流动不稳定性,喷流出现明显的时间演化现象。在类火星环境下,喷管内部不发生流动分离,内壁的压力沿着流向逐渐减小。喷流冲击倾斜地面时,在喷管出口的外侧形成了上下移动的马赫盘;喷流冲击水平地面时,喷流和地面反弹气流相互作用,阻碍了马赫盘的形成。研究结果还表明在类火星环境和海平面环境下,喷流冲击倾斜地面时喷管内壁温度均上升。研究结果将为火箭回收和火星着陆的方案选取提供参考。In the present work,the wall effect of the jet flow was investigated using the SAS(Scale Adaptive Simulation)method during the rocket take-off and landing.The flow structure and the side loads were analyzed and compared as the jet flow impinging on the horizontal and inclined wall at sea level and Martian-like atmosphere,respectively.Flow separation occurs inside the nozzle at sea level,and the pressure decreases to a minimum at the separation point,then increases to the ambient pressure.The flow instability is stronger with obvious temporal evolutions when the jet flow impinges on the inclined wall.In a Martian-like atmosphere,no separation occurs inside the nozzle,and the pressure on the inner wall of the nozzle gradually decreases along the direction of the jet flow.As the jet flow impinges on the inclined wall,the Mach disk,which moves up and down along the flow,appears downstream of the nozzle exit.As the jet flow impinges on the horizontal wall,the interaction between the jet flow and the reflected flow limits the formation of the Mach disk.The results indicated that the temperature increases when the jet flow impinges on the inclined wall.The present findings could guide the future project of reusable rockets and Mars landings.

关 键 词：超声速喷流 壁面效应 火星着陆 尺度自适应模拟 

分 类 号：V438[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]