中国省域碳排放责任分配方法比较与碳补偿设计  

Comparison of carbon emission responsibility allocation methods and carbon compensation design among provinces in China

作　　者：王文治 胡雍[3] 张晓宇 WANG Wenzhi;HU Yong;ZHANG Xiaoyu(Collaborative Innovation Center for Emissions Trading System Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry,Wuhan 430205,China;School of Economics,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;School of Economics,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]碳排放权交易省部共建协同创新中心,武汉430205 [2]天津师范大学经济学院,天津300387 [3]浙江工商大学经济学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《资源科学》2023年第10期1913-1930,共18页Resources Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(19BJY084)。

摘　　要：【目的】伴随国内价值链分工体系的不断深化,省域间中间品和最终品流动导致不同计量方法下的省域碳排放责任存在巨大差异,进而探索科学合理的区域碳排放责任计量方法是推进省域间碳减排合作的重要前提。【方法】基于中国碳核算数据库发布的2007—2017年碳排放数据,运用多区域投入产出模型,首次将生产责任原则、消费责任原则、共担责任原则、技术调整的消费责任原则、生产者碳足迹原则和收入责任原则6种碳排放责任计量方法置于统一的测算框架下,创新设计“一省一期,一票一分”的投票制度,从公平与效率视角对6种计量方法实施比较,进而基于评估结果设计省域综合碳排放责任界定方法,并构建省域间碳补偿方案。【结果】(1)不同计量方法下界定的省域碳排放量存在较大差异,而共担责任原则和技术调整的消费责任原则计量方法相对折中。(2)在6种计量方法中,从整体公平视角看,共担责任原则最优;从个体公平视角看,收入责任原则最优;从碳排放效率视角看,生产者碳足迹原则最优;而生产责任原则和消费责任原则在公平和效率上均表现欠佳。【结论】多维视角下的省域综合碳排放责任界定方法更加折中和合理。建议以省域综合碳排放责任计量方法为基准,通过建立碳减排合作试点区,探索区域间碳补偿经验。[Objective]With the deepening of domestic value chain division system,the flow of intermediate and final products between provinces leads to huge differences in provincial carbon emission responsibilities under different measurement methods.Finding a scientific and reasonable measurement method of regional carbon emission responsibility is an important prerequisite for promoting inter-provincial cooperation on carbon emission reduction.[Methods]Based on China’s inter-provincial input-output data and carbon emissions data released by the Carbon Emission Accounts&Datasets,this study applied six measurement methods—production based approach,consumption based approach,shared responsibility approach,technology adjusted consumption based approach,producer footprint approach,and income based approach—to calculate provincial carbon emissions under a unified multi-regional input-output(MRIO)analytical framework,and designed a voting mechanism,that is,one vote for one period and one point for each province,to compare the six measurement methods from the perspective of fairness and efficiency.Based on the evaluation results,we designed the comprehensive responsibility approach,and constructed an inter-provincial carbon emission compensation system.[Results](1)There are significant differences in the provincial carbon emissions defined by different measurement methods,and the principles of shared responsibility and consumption based responsibility adjusted by technology are relatively balanced.(2)From the perspective of overall fairness,the shared responsibility approach is the best;From the perspective of individual fairness,the income based responsibility approach is the optimal choice;From the perspective of carbon emission efficiency,the producer footprint approach is the optimal choice.The existing production based and consumption based responsibility approaches are not optimal choices from the perspectives of fairness and efficiency.[Conclusion]The comprehensive responsibility approach designed in this study is m

关 键 词：碳排放责任 多区域投入产出模型 公平与效率 碳补偿 相对剥夺 数据包络分析 中国 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]