18世纪末中国西南教区女性与巴黎外方传教会“本土化”传教策略  

Role of the Female Christians in Southwest China and the Missionary Strategy of Paris Foreign Mission Society at the End of 18th Century

作　　者：李晨哲 Li Chenzhe

机构地区：[1]故宫博物院

出　　处：《国际汉学》2023年第4期92-98,157,共8页International Sinology

基　　金：北京故宫文物保护基金会;万科公益基金会专项经费资助。

摘　　要：作为清代来华传教士团体,巴黎外方传教会的传教路线与耶稣会截然不同,往往采取直接布道的方法。随着清代传教形势的变化,巴黎外方传教会越来越注重培养本土传道员,逐渐实现天主教“本土化”。本文以西南地区巴黎外方传教会传教士活动为切入点,利用巴黎外方传教会档案馆的相关档案原稿和《中国与东印度地区有教益的新书简》,指出本土传道员在西南地区天主教传播中的贡献。巴黎外方传教会士利用“本土化”策略,培养“贞女教师”,组织女性教民参与幼童洗礼和堂区小学教育,发挥妇女在传教活动中的作用。同时,该举措从客观上提升了清代妇女,特别是社会下层妇女的受教育水平和社会生活的参与度,对边远地区的教育提升和文化传播具有一定的进步意义。As missionaries in China during the Qing Dynasty,the missionary strategy of Paris Foreign Mission Society(MissionsÉtrangères de Paris),which was often direct evangelism,was quite different from the approach of the Jesuits.However,with the change of situation for missionaries in Qing Dynasty,the Paris Foreign Mission Society paid much more attention to development of the local catechists,which made Catholicism gradually“localized”.This paper,based on the missionary activities of the Paris Foreign Mission Society in Southwest China and the relevant original archives of the Paris Foreign Mission Society as well as the book Nouvelles lettresédifiantes des missions de la Chine et des Indes orientales,discusses the“localization”strategy,the missionary methods in China,and the contribution of local catechists.The Paris Foreign missionaries made use of the local Christians and especially developed females for missionary activities by baptizing children and teaching in Catholic schools.Objectively,this work enhanced the social status of women,especial women from lower classes,by improving their education and helping them to participate in social activities,which had certain progressive significance in terms of educational enhancement and cultural dissemination in remote areas.

关 键 词：巴黎外方传教会 中国西南地区 本土化 传道员 “贞女教师” 

分 类 号：K249.305[历史地理—历史学]