不同微灌溉施肥模式对冬小麦产量和效益的影响  

Effects of Different Micro Fertigation Modes on Yield and Benefits for Winter Wheat

作　　者：邢素丽[1] 杨文方 杨军芳[1] 聂浩亮 杨慧敏 张静 任艺 王敬霞 张洁 黄少辉[1] 贾良良[1] 杨云马[1] XING Su-li;YANG Wen-fang;YANG Jun-fang;NIE Hao-liang;YANG Hui-min;ZHANG Jing;REN Yi;WANG Jing-xia;ZHANG Jie;HUANG Shao-hui;JIA Liang-liang;YANG Yun-ma(Institute of Agro-resources and Environment,Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050051,China;Henan Xinlianxin Chemical Industry Group Co.Ltd.,Xinxiang 453000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所,河北石家庄050051 [2]河南心连心化学工业集团有限公司,河南新乡453000

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2023年第5期45-51,81,共8页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：“十四五”国家部省联动子课题(2021YFD1901003-7);“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD23B02);河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所项目(ZHS-ZLXM-2022);河北省重点研发计划项目(21326407D)。

摘　　要：研究不同微灌溉施肥模式对冬小麦产量和效益的影响,可为冬小麦高效灌溉施肥提供理论依据。采用裂区试验设计,以微灌溉施肥模式(微喷灌施肥、滴灌施肥)为主区,氮磷施用量(N_(0)P_(120)、N_(180)P_(0)、N_(120)P_(120)、N_(180)P_(120)、N_(240)P_(120)、N_(180)P_(60)和N_(180)P_(150))为副区,随机排列,重复3次,研究了不同灌溉施肥模式和氮磷肥料运筹对冬小麦产量和经济效益的影响。结果表明:相同施肥水平下,微喷灌溉施肥模式的小麦产量和经济效益均高于滴灌施肥模式,2 a指标平均值分别提高了8.24%和12.00%;相同灌溉施肥模式下,均以N_(180)P_(120)处理的产量和经济效益最高。但滴灌施肥模式较微喷灌施肥模式平均节水187.5 m3/hm^(2),节水率9.26%。微喷灌施肥模式的冬小麦增产增收效果较好,该模式下N施用量为180 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)施用量为120 kg/hm^(2)时产量达到最高,为9405.04 kg/hm^(2)。Studying the effects of different micro fertigation modes on yield and benefits for winter wheat could provide theoretical basis for efficient irrigation and fertilization.A split plot experiment was conducted with main factors that was micro sprinkler fertigation and drip fertigation,while subordinative factors were nitrogen and phosphorus application rates(N_(0)P_(120),N_(180)P_(0),N_(120)P_(120),N_(180)P_(120),N_(240)P_(120),N_(180)P_(60)and N_(180)P_(150)).The effects of different fertigation modes and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rates on yield and economic benefits for winter wheat were studied.The results showed that under the same fertilization level,the yield and economic benefits of winter wheat from micro sprinkler fertigation mode were higher than those from the drip fertigation mode,and the 2 a average increased by 8.24%and 12.00%respectively.Under the same fertigation mode,N_(180)P_(120)treatment had the highest yield and economic benefits.However,the drip fertigation model saved an average of 187.5 m^(3)/hm^(2)of water and a water saving rate of 9.26%compared to the micro sprinkler fertigation mode.The micro sprinkler fertigation mode had a good effect on increasing yield and income of winter wheat.Under this mode,when the N application rate was 180 kg/hm^(2)and the P_(2)O_(5) rate was 120 kg/hm^(2),the yield reached the highest at 9405.04 kg/hm^(2)level.

关 键 词：冬小麦 微喷灌施肥 滴灌施肥 产量 经济效益 氮磷用量 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程] S512.11[农业科学—农业工程]