糜子品种农艺性状和盐碱耐受性综合评价  

Comprehensive evaluation of agronomic traits and salt-alkali tolerance in broom corn millet varieties

作　　者：温映红 李海 丁超 宋晓强 姜超 杨芳[2] Wen Yinghong;Li Hai;Ding Chao;Song Xiaoqiang;Jiang Chao;Yang Fang(Shanci center for testing of functional ago-Products of Shanci agricultural university,Taiyuan 030031,China;Institute of High Latitude Crops,Shanci Agricultural University,Datong 037008,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学山西功能农产品检验检测中心,山西太原030031 [2]山西农业大学高寒区作物研究所,山西大同037008

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期26-33,共8页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2020-158);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-06-14.5-B6)。

摘　　要：[目的]通过种质遗传多样性评估,可指导深入研究资源和育种中优异互补亲本的选择,进而提高优异基因的交流累加和新品种培育的效率。[方法]本研究选用了来自全国不同省份45份糜黍种质(其中25份为粳性品种,20份为糯性品种),应用变异系数分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析的方法,对7个表型性状进行综合鉴定,评估农艺性状遗传差异性和筛选优异性状资源;在同等环境条件下,比较不同糜子品种在普通沙壤土和盐碱地产量的差异,分析比较其盐碱耐受性。[结果]45份糜黍种质的农艺性状遗传差异明显、多样性丰富,株高、穗长、单穗粒重、千粒重和生育期均表现了丰富的变异;主成分分析结果表明,穗重、穗粒重、株高、穗长、千粒重和生育期可作为糜子表型鉴定的主要指标。系统聚类分析将糜子资源分成3类,第I类以粳性品种为主,第III类以糯性品种为主,第II类仅包含2个品种,分别是内糜1号和内糜7号,主要特征是生育期较长。通过盐碱地对比适应性分析发现,被试品种中除了10个品种具有中等程度耐受性外,其余品种均表现出弱或极弱的耐盐碱性。[结论]通过7个主要农艺性状和盐碱耐受性的综合评价,筛选出性状优良、适宜在晋北及盐碱地引种的品种包括伊糜5号,固糜21号,宁糜10号和宁糜9号。[Objective]The assessment of germplasm genetic diversity can guide the selection of superior complementary parent lines in resource research and breeding,facilitating the enhancement of the exchange and accumulation of superior genes,thus improving the efficiency of breeding new varieties.[Methods]In this study,45 wheat millet germplasms(25 japonica varieties and 20 waxy varieties)were selected from different provinces in China.Coefficient of variation analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis,and cluster analysis were used to comprehensively assess seven phenotypic traits,evaluate the genetic differences in agronomic traits,and screen for excellent trait resources.Under the same environmental conditions,the study compared the yield differences of various broom corn millet varieties in typical sandy loam soil and saline-alkali soil while analyzing their saline-alkali tolerance.[Results]Significant genetic differences in agronomic traits were evident,displaying rich diversity.Plant height,panicle length,grain weight per panicle,1000-grain weight per panicle,and growth period exhibited considerable variation.The principal component analysis indicated that panicle weight,panicle weight,plant height,panicle length,1000-grain weight,and growth period could serve as primary indicators for phenotypic identification of broom corn millet.Systematic cluster analysis categorized broom corn millet resources into three groups.Group I primarily consisted of japonica varieties,group III mainly consisted of glutinous varieties,and group II consisted of only two varieties-Nymme No.1 and No.7-characterized mainly by their extended growth period.The comparative analysis of adaptability to saline-alkali soil showed that apart from 10 varieties displaying moderate tolerance,the remaining varieties demonstrated weak or very weak tolerance to saline-alkali conditions.[Conclusion]Based on the comprehensive evaluation of seven main agronomic characteristics and saline-alkali tolerance,varieties with favorable traits suit

关 键 词：糜子 种质 农艺性状 综合评价 盐碱地适应性 

分 类 号：S516[农业科学—作物学]