19世纪伦敦生活垃圾治理  

The Management of Household Waste in 19th Century London

作　　者：王雪松[1] WANG Xuesong

机构地区：[1]安徽大学历史学院,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《经济社会史评论》2023年第4期64-77,126,共15页Economic and Social History Review

摘　　要：19世纪上半叶,伦敦生活垃圾主要由承包商治理。随着城市的发展、疾病的肆虐和公共卫生运动的推进,伦敦社会逐渐意识到生活垃圾与疾病、贫穷和道德退化之间的关系,要求革新垃圾治理模式。垃圾承包体系也暴露出过度追求利润而忽视社会公益的弊端。因此,19世纪下半叶,伦敦地方机构开始直接介入生活垃圾治理,形成以政府主导下的市政治理模式。In the first half of the 19th century,London’s household waste management model was characterised by contractor-led business practices.With the development of the city,the ravages of diseases,and the advancement of the public health movement,London society gradually realized the relationship between household waste and disease,poverty,and moral degradation,and called for an innovative waste management model.The waste contracting system had also exposed the drawbacks of excessively pursuing profits while neglecting social welfare.As a result,in the second half of the 19th century,the London government begun to directly intervene in the management of household waste,forming a government-led municipal governance model.

关 键 词：生活垃圾 伦敦 城市环境 公共卫生 

分 类 号：K561.4[历史地理—历史学] X799.3[历史地理—世界史]