基于决策树与Logistic回归模型的大学生乙肝高危行为影响因素分析  

Analysis on influencing factors of undergraduates′ high-risk behaviors related to hepatitis B based on integration of decision tree model and logistic regression model

作　　者：郭亚娜 姚添 韩雨洁 杨晶 吕佳艳 孟晨昊 郭潇蕾 冯永亮 王素萍[1,2] GUO Ya-na;YAO Tian;HAN Yu-jie;YANG Jing;LüJia-yan;MENG Chen-hao;GUO Xiao-lei;FENG Yong-liang;WANG Su-ping(Department of Epidemiology,School of Public Health,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,山西太原030001 [2]山西医科大学临床流行病学与循证医学中心,山西太原030001 [3]山西医科大学第一医院,山西太原030001 [4]山西医科大学公共卫生学院,山西太原030001 [5]山西医科大学第二临床医学院,山西太原030001 [6]山西医科大学儿科医学系,山西太原030001

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2023年第8期704-709,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：山西医科大学大学生创新创业国家级项目(202010114017)。

摘　　要：目的 了解大学生乙肝风险态度和高危行为现状,探讨乙肝高危行为的影响因素及其相互关系。方法 2021年5—6月采用分层整群抽样方法抽取山西省3所高校大学生进行问卷调查,内容包括一般人口学特征、大学生乙肝风险态度和高危行为。通过构建非条件Logistic回归模型和卡方自动交互检测(Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detector, CHAID)决策树模型,探讨大学生乙肝高危行为的影响因素。结果 共纳入大学生1485人,风险寻求、风险中立和风险规避者分别占12.59%、66.74%和20.67%。控制潜在混杂因素后,Logistic回归模型显示,以风险规避者为参照,风险寻求者和风险中立者乙肝高危行为发生率较高,OR值分别为2.83(95%CI:1.47~5.46)和1.83(95%CI:1.41~2.39);以大一学生、母亲学历为大专及以上为参考,大二及以上年级、母亲学历为初中及以下的大学生乙肝高危行为发生率较高,OR值分别为3.37(95%CI:2.45~4.64)和OR=2.20(95%CI:1.56~3.12);以非医学专业为参考,医学专业的大学生乙肝高危行为发生率较低,OR值为0.52(95%CI:0.38~0.71)。CHAID决策树模型进一步分析显示,大二及以上年级且为风险寻求者的大学生乙肝高危行为发生率由36.26%增至58.43%;非医学专业且为风险中立者的大学生乙肝高危行为发生率由35.01%升至41.18%。结论 风险寻求与风险中立者、大二及以上年级、非医学专业和母亲学历低是大学生发生乙肝高危行为的危险因素,且大二及以上年级与风险寻求,非医学专业与风险中立存在交互作用。Objective To understand the current situation of risk attitudes and high-risk behaviors related to hepatitis B among college students,and to explore the influencing factors and their relationships with hepatitis B.Methods From May to June 2021,a questionnaire survey was conducted among college students from three universities in Shanxi Province by stratified cluster sampling,including general demographic characteristics,college students′risk attitudes and high-risk behaviors related to hepatitis B.By constructing an unconditional logistic regression model and a chi-square automatic interaction detector(CHAID)decision tree model,this paper explored the influencing factors of college students′high-risk behaviors of hepatitis B.Results A total of 1485 college students were included,and 12.59%,66.74%and 20.67%of them were risk seeking group,risk neutral group and risk aversion group,respectively.After adjusted for confounding factors,logistic regression analysis showed that risk seeking and risk neutral group had a higher incidence of high-risk behaviors of hepatitis Bcompared with risk averse group,with OR values of 2.83(95%CI:1.47-5.46)and 1.83(95%CI:1.41-2.39),respectively.For the reference of freshman students and mothers with college education or above,the probability of high-risk behavior was higher among college students who were sophomores or above(OR=3.37,95%CI:2.45-4.64)and whose mothers had junior high school education or below(OR=2.20,95%CI:1.56-3.12).Taking non-medical majors as reference,the probability of high-risk behavior in medical majors was low(OR=0.52,95%CI:0.38-0.71).Further analysis of CHAID decision tree model showed that the probability of high-risk behaviors of hepatitis B among college students who were sophomores and risk seekers had increased from 36.26%to 58.43%.The incidence of high-risk behaviors of hepatitis B among college students who were non-medical majors and risk neutral group increased from 35.01%to 41.18%.Conclusion Risk seeking and risk neutral,sophomore and above,non-med

关 键 词：大学生 乙型肝炎 风险态度 高危行为 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]