多环芳烃污染土壤原生生物群落的构建机制  

Assembly Mechanism of Protistan Community in Soil Polluted by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

作　　者：杜京旗 贾彤 罗正明[3] 刘晋仙 柴宝峰 DU Jingqi;JIA Tong;LUO Zhengming;LIU Jinxian;CHAI Baofeng(Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration on Loess Plateau,Institute of Loess Plateau,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Department of Life Sciences,Liliang University,Liliang 033000,China;Department of Geography,Xinzhou Teachers University,Xinzhou 034003,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学黄土高原研究所黄土高原生态恢复山西省重点实验室,山西太原030006 [2]吕梁学院生命科学系,山西吕梁033000 [3]忻州师范学院地理系,山西忻州034003

出　　处：《山西大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期1467-1478,共12页Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：中央财政引导地方科技发展基金(YDZJSX2022B001);吕梁市重点研发项目(2022SHFZ41,2021NYGG-2-66);山西省“三区”人才支持计划科技人员专项计划。

摘　　要：持久性有机污染物对土壤微生物群落组成和多样性有显著影响。本文研究了某焦化厂东面围墙外多环芳烃(PAHs)污染的农田和撂荒地土壤原生生物群落的组成、多样性和构建过程。结果表明农田土壤中16种PAHs的总浓度(ΣPAHs)、萘、蒽和苯并[k]荧蒽含量显著低于撂荒地土壤(P<0.05)。撂荒地中绿藻门(Chlorophyta)的绿藻纲(Chlorophyceae)和石莼纲(Ulvophyceae)相对丰度显著高于农田,但其Shannon指数、均匀度指数(evenness)和系统发育多样性指数(Phylogenetic Diversity,PD)表现出相反的趋势。非度量多维尺度(NMDS)分析表明撂荒地和农田原生生物群落组成差异显著。ΣPAHs、萘和苯并[k]荧蒽的含量与丝足虫门(Cercozoa)、纤毛虫门(Ciliophora)、叶足亚门(Lobosa)和锥足亚门(Conosa)的相对丰度显著负相关(P<0.05)。随着ΣPAHs、萘和苯并[k]荧蒽含量的增加,原生动物群落多样性指数减小(P<0.05)。Mantel检验表明PAHs和土壤理化因子显著影响原生生物群落的结构。零模型结果显示,扩散限制在农田原生动物群落构建过程中占主导地位(66.667%),而漂变在撂荒地群落构建中占主导地位(59.091%)。共现网络分析表明农田群落组成倾向于共存,而撂荒地群落倾向于排斥。总之,PAHs显著影响农田和撂荒地土壤原生生物群落的组成和多样性,农田和撂荒地原生动物群落构建驱动过程存在差异,说明耕作干扰可能影响土壤微生物群落的结构和稳定性。The significant effects exerted by persistent organic pollutants on composition and diversity in soil microbial community were observed.The composition,diversity and assembly process of protistan community in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH)-polluted farmland and wasteland soils outside the east wall of the coking plant were investigated in this study.The results showed that the total concentration of the 16 PAHs(EPAHs),the contents of naphthalene,anthracene and benzo[k]fluoranthrene in farmland soil were significantly lower than those in wasteland soil(P<0.05).Chlorophyta and Ulvophyceae of Chlorophyta in wasteland soil showed significantly higher relative abundance than that in farmland soil;However,the Shannon index,evenness index,and Phylogenetic Diversity(PD)index of protistan community in wasteland soil exhibited opposite trends.Non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS)analysis indicated that significant differences in composition of protistan community existed between wasteland and farmland.The contents of ZPAHs,naphthalene and benzo[k]fluoranthene presented a decrease in proportion with the relative abundance of Cercozoa,Ciliophora,Lobosa and Conosa(P<0.05).The diversity index of protistan community decreased with the increase of ZPAHs,naphthalene and benzo[k]fluoranthrene(P<0.05).Mantel test indicated that PAHs and soil physicochemical factors had pronounced effects on the structure of protistan communities.Null model analyses showed that dispersal limitation was predominant in farmland community(66.667%),while drift was prominent in wasteland community(59.091%).The co-occurrence network analyses showed that the composition of farmland community tended to coexist,while that of wasteland community tended to exclude.In conclusion,the composition and diversity of protistan communities were significantly affected by PAHs in farmland and wasteland soils.The differences occurred in the driving process of protistan community assembly between farmland and wasteland,implying that tillage disturbance may affec

关 键 词：多样性 群落组成 扩散限制 漂变 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]