抗阻运动改善海洛因戒断者渴求度的神经生物学机制研究  

Study on the Neurobiological Mechanism of Resistance Exercise to Improve Craving in Heroin Abusers

作　　者：吴丽君[1,2] 王佳怡 沈靖轶 王烨璠 毕翔宇 WU Lijun;WANG Jiayi;SHEN Jingyi;WANG Yefan;BI Xiangyu(School of Physical Education,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Institute for Biomedicine and Health,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学体育学院,山西太原030006 [2]山西大学生物医药与大健康研究院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《山西大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期1479-1486,共8页Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目(20YJA890025)。

摘　　要：本文探析了不同形式抗阻运动对海洛因戒断者毒品渴求度的影响及其神经生物学机制。90名经海洛因戒断的男性随机分为高强度间歇抗阻运动组(A组)、传统中强度抗阻运动组(B组)、常规戒毒矫治组(C组),A、B组的运动强度分别为4次重复的最大负荷(Repetition Maximum,RM)和10RM,干预8周。检测各组受试者干预前后血浆神经生化因子含量及毒品渴求度。结果显示,8周不同强度抗阻运动均可明显提高受试者血浆多巴胺(Dopamine,DA)、β-内啡肽(Beta Endorphin,β-EP)、血清素(Serotonin,5-HT)、脑源性神经营养因子(Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor,BDNF)、Fos家族蛋白(ΔFosB、c-fos)浓度,降低渴求度视觉模拟评分(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS)(P<0.05)。常规戒毒对上述指标无明显影响;与B组相比,A组运动后的血浆DA、β-EP、c-fos、ΔFosB含量明显升高,5-HT、BDNF含量与VAS得分明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);干预后,受试者VAS得分与血浆神经生化因子含量呈明显负相关(P<0.05,P<0.01)。因此,8周不同强度抗阻运动均可有效改善海洛因戒断者神经递质系统状态,调控受试者神经可塑性与神经适应,进而削弱毒品渴求;且高强度间歇抗阻运动对抗毒瘾的效果更显著。The effects of different forms of resistance exercise on drug craving in heroin abusers and their neurobiological mechanisms were investigated.Ninety males who had undergone heroin withdrawal were randomly divided into high-intensity intermittent resistance exercise group(group A),traditional medium-intensity resistance exercise group(group B),and conventional treatment group(group C).The exercise intensity of group A and group B was 4RM and 10RM,respectively,and the intervention lasted for 8 weeks.Plasma levels of neurobiochemical factors and drug craving were measured before and after intervention.The results showed that 8 weeks of resistance exercise with different intensities can significantly increase the concentration of Dopamine(DA),Beta Endorphin(β-EP),Serotonin(5-HT),Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor(BDNF),Fos family proteins(AFosB,c-fos)in subjects'plasma,and decrease the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)(P<0.05).Routine detoxification had no significant effect on the above indexes.Compared with B,the contents of DA,β-EP,c-fos,and △FosB in the plasma in group A after exercise were significantly increased,while the contents of 5-HT,BDNE,and VAS scores were significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01).After the intervention,VAS scores were negatively correlated with plasma neurobiochemical factors(P<0.05,P<0.01).Therefore,8 weeks of different-intensity of resistance exercise can effectively improve the neurotransmitter system of heroin abusers,and regulate the neuroplasticity and neural adaptation of subjects,which is conducive to reducing drug craving.The effect of high-intensity intermittent resistance exercise against drug addiction is more significant.

关 键 词：抗阻运动 海洛因成瘾 奖赏效应 神经适应 神经可塑性 海洛因戒断 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]