由齐、楚设喻论《子虚上林赋》的大一统主旨  

On the Unified Theme of“Zixu Shanglin Fu”from the Perspective of Metaphors of Qi and Chu

作　　者：邓稳[1] DENG Wen(Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610068,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学文学院,四川成都610068

出　　处：《天中学刊》2023年第6期42-47,共6页Journal of Tianzhong

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(21XZW007)。

摘　　要：司马迁评《子虚上林赋》“卒章归之节俭,因以风谏”,考司马相如此赋作于建元三年之前,其时及此前汉廷并无奢侈之虞,且与相如《难蜀父老》等文思想不合。从齐、楚设喻的角度,即从子虚、乌有先生、无是公所代表的实体楚国、齐国、汉廷论析,可知《子虚上林赋》主旨在“务明君臣之义,正诸侯之礼”。东方诸侯齐、楚臣服于西方天子,在文学层面上促成华夏民族统一精神的实现;天子“出德号,省刑罚……与天下为始”则把华夏民族的统一理想置于高远、坚实的文明基础之上。司马相如与董仲舒、公孙弘等共同促进了汉朝由黄老无为之治向“彬彬多文学之士”的文治政府的转变。Sima Qian commented on Zixu Shanglin Fu that“the ends of every essay tend to emphasize the virtue of thrift and criticize the limitless luxury of the imperial household”.That Fu was reputedly written by Sima Xiangru in 138 BC when and even before that year the Han imperial household had no such problem and it was opposed to his another work“Shu Fulao Nan”.From the perspective of metaphor,Mr.Zixu(non-exist)and Wuyuo(nothingness)and Wushi(nihility)represented respectively the States of Chu,and Qi and the Dynasty of Han.So the theme of Zixu Shanglin Fu is to“uphold the righteousness of the emperor and his ministers,and the etiquette of the lords”.The Eastern States such as Qi and Chu submitted to the Western emperor,promoting the unity of the Chinese literary.The emperor answered the call of the heaven by placing the ideal of unification of the Chinese peoples on a loftier foundation of civilization.Sima Xiangru,along with Dong Zhongshu,Gongsun Hong,and other man of letters,jointly promoted the transformation from the governing by doing nothing to the governing by the literati.

关 键 词：《子虚上林赋》 齐、楚设喻 大一统 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]