化学环境污染物暴露对线粒体DNA损伤作用的研究进展  

Research progress on the effect of chemical environmental pollutant exposure on mitochondrial DNA damage

作　　者：吴帆 楼建林 Wu Fan;Lou Jianlin(School of Public Health,Hangzhou Medical College,Hangzhou 310003,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州医学院公共卫生学院,杭州310013

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2023年第11期859-863,共5页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(81872602)。

摘　　要：人们通过日常生活、饮食和职业环境等暴露于各种不同的危害因素,这些危害因素的暴露会对机体造成不同程度的伤害。环境中化学有害因素暴露对线粒体的损伤日益受到关注。线粒体基因组的完整性对线粒体功能和细胞稳态至关重要,在各种有害化学环境因素的刺激下,线粒体极易出现损伤,造成线粒体功能障碍。目前,已有多种化学污染物暴露可对线粒体产生不同程度损伤,这些污染物可能通过诱发氧化应激造成线粒体结构和功能障碍,包括电子呼吸链传递障碍、线粒体膜电位变化、线粒体DNA突变/缺失、线粒体DNA拷贝数变异等方面。线粒体损伤可进一步导致细胞功能异常、凋亡和死亡等,从而诱发相关疾病。因此,本文就重金属等环境中的化学因素暴露对线粒体的损伤作用进行综述。People are exposed to a variety of different harmful factors through their daily life,diet,and occupational environment,and exposure to these dangerous factors results in varying degrees of damage to the organism.The damage to mitochondria from exposure to chemical harmful factors in environment is of increasing concern.The integrity of the mitochondrial genome is critical for mitochondrial function and cellular homeostasis,and mitochondria are susceptible to damage and mitochondrial dysfunction when stimulated by various harmful chemical environmental factors.It has been shown that exposure to a variety of chemical pollutants can produce varying degrees of damage to mitochondria,and these pollutants may cause mitochondrial structural and functional disorders by inducing oxidative stress,including impaired electron respiratory chain transmission,alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential,mitochondrial DNA mutations/deletions,and mitochondrial DNA copy number variation.Mitochondrial damage can further lead to abnormal cell function,apoptosis,and death,which induce related diseases.Therefore,this paper provides a review of the role of chemical factor exposure in the environment,such as heavy metals,on mitochondrial damage.

关 键 词：污染物 环境暴露 线粒体 化学环境暴露 线粒体损伤 氧化应激 线粒体DNA拷贝数 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]