空气幕在U型竞技场地中防风效果的数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation Study on the Wind Protection Effect of Air Curtain in the Halfpipe Venue

作　　者：柳方园 刘衎 王泽远 崔会敏 刘庆宽 Liu Fangyuan;Liu Kan;Wang Zeyuan;Cui Huimin;Liu Qingkuan(School of Civil Engineering,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;Innovation Center for Wind Engineering and Wind Energy Technology of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;Department of Mathematics and Physics,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学土木工程学院,河北石家庄050043 [2]石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室,河北石家庄050043 [3]河北省风工程和风能利用工程技术创新中心,河北石家庄050043 [4]石家庄铁道大学数理系,河北石家庄050043

出　　处：《石家庄铁道大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第4期14-19,27,共7页Journal of Shijiazhuang Tiedao University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(E2022210078);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(236Z5410G);河北省高端人才项目(冀办[2019]63号);河北省自然科学基金(A2022210025);石家庄铁道大学研究生创新资助项目(YC2023057)。

摘　　要：在冬奥会一些比赛项目中,运动员完成动作时跳跃高度大,空中动作多,滞空时间长,受风速的影响较大。在风速较高情况下,运动员的动作容易变形,可能影响最终的比赛成绩甚至导致运动员受伤,并且赛场也可能出现被大风损坏的情况。应用CFD数值模拟方法,以冬奥会U型竞技场地以及周围一定区域内流场特性为研究对象,研究了挡风墙与空气幕对墙后流场特性的影响以及不同墙高和不同空气幕射流角度下对墙后流场特性的影响。模拟结果表明,挡风墙和空气幕组合使用可以为U型场地提供一个较大的低风速区域,当空气幕射流角度一定时,墙高越大,U型场地上方剪切侧层高度越大,墙后庇护距离越远。当墙高一定时,空气幕射流角度在50°~60°之间对风速的折减效果最好。同时采用空气幕作为防风措施,可以把防风网高度从15 m左右显著减少到2 m。In certain Winter Olympic events,athletes often strive for high jumping heights,perform frequent aerial movements,and experience prolonged periods of suspension during their maneuvers,all of which might be significantly influenced by wind speed.In the presence of strong wind speed,athletes’movements are susceptible to deformation,potentially impacting their overall performance and even leading to athlete injuries.Additionally,the field itself may sustain damage as a result of the powerful winds.This article applied CFD numerical simulation method to study the flow field characteristics in the halfpipe venue and surrounding areas.The study examined the impact of windbreaks and air curtains on the flow field characteristics behind walls,and investigated the effects of varying wall heights as well as air curtain jet angles on the flow field characteristics behind the walls.The simulation results indicate that the combination of windbreaks and air curtains can provide a large low-wind-speed area near the halfpipe venue.It is also found that when the air curtain jet angle is constant,the higher the wall height is,the higher the shear layer height above the halfpipe venue,which will lead to a farther shelter distance behind the wall.Additionally,the air curtain jet angle between 50°and 60°has the best reduction effect on wind speed.Herein,the height of the windbreak with an air curtain can be reduced to about 2 m from 15 m height of a traditional windbreak.

关 键 词：U型竞技场地 流场特性 数值模拟 挡风墙 空气幕 

分 类 号：TU318[建筑科学—结构工程]