轨道交通机场专线定价模型研究  

Research on Pricing Models for Urban Rail Airport Express Lines

作　　者：程苑 宋素娟 马毅林 张兵 CHENG Yuan;SONG Sujuan;MA Yilin;ZHANG Bing(Transport Modeling Department,Beijing Transport Institute,Beijing 100073,China;Integrated Office,Beijing CSTJ Metro Investment&Development Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100068,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通发展研究院交通模型所,北京100073 [2]北京城市铁建轨道交通投资发展有限公司综合办公室,北京100068

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2023年第12期122-130,共9页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：北京城市铁建轨道交通投资发展有限公司项目(WT2018150)。

摘　　要：轨道交通机场专线开通前有必要针对定价问题开展研究。依据社会福利最大化理论,建立机场专线定价模型,模型以机场专线票价作为决策变量,以综合了消费者剩余和生产者剩余的社会福利最大化作为目标函数,考虑了乘客支付意愿、陆侧交通结构、运营企业利润等关键因素;引入心理账户理论,考虑乘客依据经验认知和偏好评估出行成本与参照点的差距,模拟出行选择行为中的决策过程;开展机场旅客出行意愿调查,用以标定模型中几项关键参数。最后,以北京大兴机场线为案例,得出大兴机场线票价建议方案,草桥—机场段建议票价为37.5元,并进行了小汽车出行成本及出行费用节约值参数的灵敏度分析。研究成果可为机场专线的票价方案制定提供理论和数据参考。It is necessary to conduct research on pricing issues before the opening of an urban rail airport express line.Based on the theory of social welfare maximization,a pricing model for the airport express line was established.The model took the ticket price of the airport express line as the decision variable and aimed to maximize social welfare,which was a combination of consumer surplus and producer surplus.It considered key factors such as passenger willingness to pay,land-side transportation structure,and operating company profits.The model incorporated the theory of mental accounts,taking into account the difference between passengers’perceived travel costs based on experiential cognition and preferences and the reference point,simulating the decision-making process in travel choices.Airport passenger travel intention surveys were conducted to calibrate several key parameters in the model.Finally,using Beijing Daxing Airport Line as a case study,a recommended pricing scheme for the Daxing Airport Line was proposed,with a suggested fare of 37.5 RMB for the Caoqiao to the airport section.Sensitivity analysis was performed on the cost of car travel and the value of travel cost savings.The research findings can provide theoretical and data references for the pricing scheme development of airport express lines.

关 键 词：城市交通 票价 社会福利最大化 轨道交通机场专线 大兴机场线 

分 类 号：U2-9[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]