中低速磁浮车辆空气弹簧动力学建模及其应用研究  

Dynamic modeling and application of air spring for medium‑low speed maglev vehicle

作　　者：王相平 李星 王剑锋[2] 吴少培 丁旺才[1] 李国芳[1] WANG Xiang‑ping;LI Xing;WANG Jian‑feng;WU Shao‑pei;DING Wang‑cai;LI Guo‑fang(School of Mechatronic Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Railway Locomotive and Rolling Stock Department,Baotou Railway Vocational and Technical College,Baotou 014060,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学机电工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]包头铁道职业技术学院铁道机车车辆系,内蒙古包头014060

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2023年第6期1527-1538,共12页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12162020,11962013);甘肃省自然科学基金资助项目(22JR5RA329);兰州交通大学基础研究拔尖人才项目(2022JC14);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZZ23107)。

摘　　要：建立合理的适用于中低速磁浮车辆的空气弹簧动力学模型是预测中低速磁浮车辆动力学性能的必要条件。基于振动力学与弹性力学基本原理,建立了中低速磁浮车辆空气弹簧系统非线性动力学模型,依据测试结果辨识了系统参数,试验验证了模型的准确性,并结合线路动态测试结果对比了线性模型与非线性模型的差异。结果表明:空气弹簧在±70 mm有效行程范围内,其垂向载荷‑内压‑位移之间呈三次函数关系,行程大于70 mm时,载荷‑位移呈线性关系;磁浮车辆空气弹簧横向刚度极大,可以分段线性近似表示;直线线路车辆速度大于30 km/h以及曲线线路半径小于100 m时,线性模型计算结果偏差较大,非线性模型计算精度显著高于等效线性模型。研究结果可为中低速磁浮车辆设计、动力性能预测提供理论依据。Establishing a reasonable air spring dynamic model for medium‑low speed maglev vehicle is a necessary condition for the prediction of its dynamic performance.Based on the basic principles of vibration mechanics and elasticity mechanics,a nonlinear dynamic model of medium‑low speed maglev vehicle air spring system was established.The system parameters were identified according to the test results,and the accuracy of the model was verified by experiments.The difference between the linear model and the nonlinear model was compared based on the dynamic test results of the line.The results show that the relationship between vertical load,internal pressure and displacement is a cubic function within the range of±70 mm effective stroke,and the relationship between load and displacement is linear when the effective stroke is larger than 70 mm.The lateral stiffness of maglev vehicle air spring is very large and can be approximated by piecewise linear method.When the vehicle speed of straight line is greater than 30 km/h and the radius of curve line is less than 100 m,the deviation of linear model calculation results is large,the calculation accuracy of nonlinear model is significantly higher than equivalent linear model.The research results can provide theoretical basis for the design and dynamic performance prediction of medium‑low speed maglev vehicles.

关 键 词：中低速磁浮车辆 空气弹簧 橡胶气囊 结构特征 动态特性 

分 类 号：U260.331.4[机械工程—车辆工程]