中学生抑郁症状状况及其日常生活行为影响因素研究  

Study on depression symptoms and its influencing factors of daily living behaviors in middle school students

作　　者：赵芳芳[1] 赵瑞兰[1] 李莉[1] 甄国新[1] ZHAO Fang-fang;ZHAO Rui-lan;LI Li;ZHEN Guo-xin(Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Shunyi District,Beijing 101300,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市顺义区疾病预防控制中心,北京101300

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2023年第9期777-782,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Education

摘　　要：目的了解北京市某区中学生抑郁症状现状及其日常生活行为方面的影响因素,为防控工作提供科学依据。方法于2021年10月采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取北京市某区2所初中和1所高中831名学生进行问卷调查,利用SPSS 20.0软件进行分析,抑郁症状检出率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,采用Logistic回归分析抑郁的日常生活行为影响因素,α=0.05。结果本研究共纳入中学生831人,其中男生435人(52.35%),女生396人(47.65%)。共172名学生有抑郁症状,检出率为20.70%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,以高三学生为参照,初二(OR=2.366,95%CI:1.034~5.417)、初三年级(OR=3.836,95%CI:1.703~8.641)学生检出抑郁症状较高。过去7 d从来不吃(OR=0.342,95%CI:0.169~0.693)、少于每天1次(OR=0.514,95%CI:0.293~0.900)油炸食物学生抑郁症状检出低于每天1次及以上学生。过去7 d天天吃早餐学生检出抑郁症状低于从来不吃学生(OR=0.301,95%CI:0.124~0.730)。以每天睡眠时间≥9 h为参考,睡眠时间<7 h学生检出抑郁症状较高(OR=3.649,95%CI:1.903~6.997)。喝过酒学生检出抑郁症状高于不喝酒学生(OR=1.991,95%CI:1.307~3.033)。结论北京市某区中学生抑郁症状检出率较高,与日常生活行为习惯多因素相关,应加强抑郁的科普宣传和干预工作,关注日常饮食、运动,养成良好的生活习惯,减少中学生抑郁症状的发生。Objective To understand the depression symptoms status of middle school students in a district of Beijing and its influencing factors of daily living behaviors,to provide scientific basis for prevention and control work.Methods Using a stratified cluster sampling method,831 students from 2 junior high schools and 1 high school in a district of Beijing were selected for questionnaire survey in 2021 October.The rates were compared by Chi-square test,the influencing factors were analyzed by Logistic regression by using SPSS 20.0,and the significance level is α=0.05.Results 831 middle school students were included in this study,including 435(52.35%)boys and 396 girls.172(47.65%)students had depressive symptoms,and the detection rate was 20.70%.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that:Compared with the third grade students,the second grade students(OR=2.366,95%CI:1.034-5.417)and the third grade students(OR=3.836,95%Cl:1.703-8.641)had higher depressive symptoms.Students who had never eaten fried food in the past 7 days(OR=0.342,95%CI:0.169-0.693)and less than once a day(OR=0.514,95%CI:0.293-0.900)had less depressive symptoms than those who had eaten fried food once a day or more.Students who ate breakfast every day for the past 7 days(OR=0.301,95%CI:0.124-0.730)were found to have fewer depressive symptoms than those who never ate.Compared with sleep time more than 9 hours,the depressive symptoms were higher in the students with sleep time less than 7 hours(OR=3.649,95%Cl:1.903-6.997)The depressive symptoms of the students who had drunk alcohol were higher than those of the students who did not drink alcohol(OR=1.991,95%CI:1.307-3.033).Conclusion The detection rate of depressive symptoms among middle school students in a certain district of Beijing is relatively high,which is related to many factors in daily life behavior and habits.It is necessary to strengthen the popularization and intervention of depression,pay attention to daily diet and exercise,develop good living habits,and reduce the incidence of

关 键 词：中学生 抑郁症状 日常生活行为 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]