种植密度对适宜机采棉花品系农艺和产量品质性状的影响  

The influence of different planting densities on agronomic traits,yield and quality of machine-picked cotton varieties

作　　者：王海涛 刘存敬[1] 唐丽媛[1] 张素君[1] 蔡肖[1] 李兴河 马文娜 韩俊伟 张香云[1] 张建宏[1] WANG Haitao;LIU Cunjing;TANG Liyuan;ZHANG Sujun;CAI Xiao;LI Xinghe;MA Wenna;HAN Junwei;ZHANG Xiangyun;ZHANG Jianhong(Institute of Cotton,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory Biology and Genetic Improvement of Cotton in Huanghuaihai Semiarid Area,Ministry of Agriculture/National Cotton Improvement Center Hebei Branch,P.R.China,Shijiazhuang 050051,China;Hebei Chemical and Pharmaceutical College,Shijiazhuang 050026,China;Agricultural Scientific Institute of 2nd Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Tiemenguan Xinjiang 841005,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院棉花研究所/农业农村部黄淮海半干旱区棉花生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/国家棉花改良中心河北分中心,石家庄050051 [2]河北化工医药职业技术学院,石家庄050026 [3]新疆生产建设兵团第二师农业科学研究所,新疆铁门关841005

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第11期2638-2645,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省农林科学院基本科研业务费项目“陆地棉果枝节间长度相关基因挖掘研究”(2023070104);三期现代农业产业技术体系河北省创新团队建设项目(HBCT2023070202);河北省农林科学院科技创新专项“棉花重要性状优异基因位点挖掘及新品种选育”(2022KJCXZX-MHS-1);河北省农林科学院棉花研究所所立项目“陆地棉果枝节间长度相关标记开发和基因挖掘”(mhs202201)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同种植密度对适宜机采棉花品系冀JC4系和冀JC7系生长发育及产量、品质、抗病性的影响,分析在河北棉区的适宜种植密度。【方法】设置4个不同种植密度水平(4.5×10^(4)、9.0×10^(4)、13.5×10^(4)和18.0×10^(4)株/hm^(2)),研究棉花农艺性状、产量、品质和抗病性,综合分析棉花新品系冀JC4系和冀JC7系的最适种植密度。【结果】随着种植密度的增加,冀JC4系和冀JC7系株高降低,果枝始节位高度增高,全生育期延长。种植密度越大,冀JC4系的皮棉产量越高,且差异明显;冀JC7系密度对皮棉产量的影响不大。不同种植密度对冀JC4系马克隆值有一定影响,对冀JC7系的伸长率有一定影响,对其他棉花纤维品质指标无显著影响。种植密度增加,冀JC4系和冀JC7系黄萎病病指越低,黄萎病抗性越强,且差异明显。【结论】冀JC4系和冀JC7系在河北棉区的适宜种植密度均为13.5×10^(4)株/hm^(2)。【Objective】In order to determine the suitable planting density of JI JC4 and JI JC7 in Hebei cotton area,the effects of different planting densities on growth and development,yield,quality and disease resistance were studied.【Methods】4 different planting densities(4.5×10^(4),9×10^(4),13.5×10^(4) and 18×10^(4) plant/hm^(2))were set to investigate the agronomic traits,yield,quality and disease resistance of cotton,and the optimum planting densities of JI JC4 and JI JC7 were comprehensively analyzed.【Results】With the increase of planting density,the plant height of JI JC4 and JI JC7 decreased,the height of the first node of fruit branch increased,and the whole growth period delayed.The lint yield of JI JC4 was higher with the increase of planting density,and the difference was obvious.The density of JI JC7 line had little effect on lint yield.Different planting densities had effect on micronaire value of JI JC4,on elongation of JI JC7,and had no significant effect on other cotton fiber quality indexes.With the increase of planting density,Verticillium wilt disease index decreased and its resistance increased.【Conclusion】Overall,the suitable planting density of JI JC4 and JI JC7 were 13.5×10^(4) plant/hm^(2).

关 键 词：棉花 种植密度 机采性状 黄萎病 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]