脱叶剂对机采棉不同种植模式脱叶效果、产量及品质的影响  

Effects of defoliants on defoliation,yield and quality of machine-picked cotton in different planting modes

作　　者：蒋从军[1,2] 阿里甫·艾尔西 林涛[1,2] 沙红 郑子漂[1] 努尔曼古丽·吾甫尔 蒋争军[3] 崔建平 郭仁松 王亮 张娜[1] JIANG Congjun;Alifu Aierxi;LIN Tao;SHA Hong;ZHENG Zipiao;Nuermanguli Wupuer;JIANG Zhengjun;CUI Jianping;GUO Rensong;WANG Liang;ZHANG Na(Institute of Economic Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Key Laboratory of Desert-Oasis Crop Physiology,Ecology and Cultivation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Urumqi 830091,China;Bachu Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Bachu Xinjiang 843800,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]农业农村部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]巴楚县农业技术推广中心,新疆巴楚843800

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第11期2661-2666,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业农村部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室开放课题(25107020-201907);棉花生物学国家重点实验室开放课题(CB2019A16)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究脱叶剂对新疆南疆机采棉不同种植模式脱叶效果、产量及品质的影响。【方法】设4种机采棉种植模式,1膜6行K_(1)[(12 cm+64 cm+12 cm+64 cm+12 cm)+64 cm]×11 cm;1膜3行K_(2)[(76 cm+76 cm)+76 cm]×5.6 cm;1膜3行K_(3)[(76 cm+76 cm)+76 cm]×9.5 cm;1膜4行K_(4)[(12 cm+64 cm+12 cm)+64 cm]×11 cm。在棉花吐絮期喷施脱叶催熟剂,分析对棉花不同种植模式脱叶效果、产量及品质的影响。【结果】不同种植模式喷施脱叶催熟剂后25 d脱叶率无显著差异、吐絮率无显著差异。K_(1)种植模式产量最高,籽棉产量分别较K_(2)、K_(3)、K_(4)种植模式高5.15%、8.7%、4.5%。喷施脱叶催熟剂后,不同种植模式间棉纤维长度整齐度、断裂比强度、马克隆值、断裂伸长率、短纤维指数、成熟度间无显著差异。棉纤维上半部平均长度K_(1)、K_(2)、K_(3)间无显著差异,K_(2)与K_(3)较K_(4)高,有显著差异。【结论】喷施脱叶催熟剂后不同种植模式间脱叶率、吐絮率均无显著差异。喷施脱叶催熟剂对棉纤维品质影响较小。1膜6行模式棉花产量最高。【Objective】To study the effects of defoliants on defoliation,yield and quality of machine-picked cotton in southern Xinjiang.【Methods】The 4 machine-picked cotton planting modes were set up,one film six lines K_(1)[(12 cm+64 cm+12 cm+64 cm+12 cm)+64 cm]×11 cm;one film three lines K_(2)[(76 cm+76 cm)+76 cm]×5.6 cm;one film three lines K_(3)[(76 cm+76 cm)+76 cm]×9.5 cm;one film four lines K_(4)[(12 cm+64 cm+12 cm)+64]cm×11 cm.during the cotton fluffing period,the effects of defoliation,yield and quality were analyzed under different planting patterns after spraying defoliation ripening agent.【Results】There were no significant difference in defoliation rate and fluffing rate in 25 days after spraying defoliation and ripening agent in different planting modes.The K_(1) planting mode had the highest yield,and the seed cotton yield was respectively 5.15%,8.7%,and 4.5%higher than those of the K_(2),K_(3),and K_(4) planting modes in 2020.After spraying the defoliant ripening agent,there was no significant difference in uniformity of length of cotton fiber,specific breaking strength,micronaire,elongation at break,staple fibre index and maturity between different planting patterns.【Conclusion】There is no significant difference in defoliation rate and flocculation rate among different planting modes after spraying defoliation and ripening agent.Spraying defoliation and ripening agent has little effect on cotton fiber quality,cotton yield is the highest under the mode of one film six lines.

关 键 词：棉花 脱叶剂 种植模式 脱叶效果 品质 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]