准噶尔荒漠蔷薇猪毛菜的种子异型性与萌发特性  

Seed heteromorphism and germination characteristics of Salsola rosacea in the Junggar Desert

作　　者：闫紫烟 魏岩[1] 安忻蕾 陆倩 孙慧芳 严成[2] YAN Ziyan;WEI Yan;AN Xinlei;LU Qian;SUN Huifang;YAN Cheng(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology,College of Grassland Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院/新疆草地资源与生态实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所/荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第11期2853-2860,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560113)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究准噶尔荒漠蔷薇猪毛菜的种子异型性与萌发特性,为种子异型性在荒漠条件下的生态适应机制及进化提供理论依据。【方法】蔷薇猪毛菜(Salsola rosacea)为研究对象,依据种子的形状、大小、颜色和着生方式对种子分类并研究不同类型种子的萌发特性,根据植株干重对植株进行等级划分后计算其繁殖分配与种子输出。【结果】蔷薇猪毛菜可产生3种类型种子,A型为绿色具翅种子且萌发率高,B、C型为黄色短翅/无翅种子且存在休眠;A、B型繁殖体繁殖分配比例随植株等级增加而增加,表现出对植株个体大小的依赖,C型则不表现依赖;A型种子输出比例随植株等级的增加而减少,B型种子随等级增加而增加,对植株个体大小表现依赖性,C型种子输出无明显波动。【结论】蔷薇猪毛菜能够产生3种具有不同散布方式和萌发行为的种子,其繁殖分配与种子输出对植株大小产生依赖。【Objective】Reproductive output and germination characteristicsof Salsola rosacea in the hope of providing relevant data support for future research on seed heteromorphism and providing theoretical basis for the study on the ecological adaptation mechanism and evolution of seed heteromorphism in desert conditions.【Methods】To study the seed polymorphism,Seeds were classified according to their shape,size,color and growth mode,and germination characteristics of different types of seeds were investigated.The plants are graded according to the dry weight of the plant,and then the reproduction distribution and seed output of plant are calculated.【Results】Three types of seeds were produced in S.rosacea.Type A was green and winged with high germination rate,and type B and C were yellow short-winged/wingless and could be dormant.The proportion of reproductive allocation of type A and B increased with increasing of plant class,which showed dependence on plant size,while type C showed no dependence.The output proportion of type A decreased with increasing of plant rank,while that of type B seeds increased with the increase of equal size which was dependent on the size of plant.No significant change was found in the output of type C seeds.【Conclusion】Three kinds of seeds with different dispersal patterns and germination behaviors can be produced in S.rosacea,and their reproduction allocation and seed output depend on plant size.

关 键 词：蔷薇猪毛菜 种子异型性 繁殖分配 种子萌发 

分 类 号：S545[农业科学—作物学]