长时间颈部后仰相关局部肌肉表面肌电特征分析  

Analysis of surface electromyographic characteristics of local muscles related to long-term neck tilt back

作　　者：刘洋[1] 曹新生 文治洪 秦义隆 高志君 王春晨[1] 杨琳[1] 王航[1] 代静 LIU Yang;CAO Xinsheng;WEN Zhihong;QIN Yilong;GAO Zhijun;WANG Chunchen;YANG Lin;WANG Hang;DAI Jing(Department of Aerospace Medicine,Air Force Medical University,Xi’an 710032)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军空军军医大学航空航天医学系,西安710032

出　　处：《北京生物医学工程》2023年第6期581-588,共8页Beijing Biomedical Engineering

基　　金：空军军医大学后装保障(卫生勤务)重点学科专项人才资助计划(2022SZYH012)资助。

摘　　要：目的 为降低长时间颈部后仰对航空机务人员身心健康造成影响,探讨航空机务人员在托举作业过程中长时间保持颈部后仰姿势对颈部肌肉表面肌电的影响。方法 择12名在校大学生作为研究对象,受试者站立在飞机机翼下方保持颈部后仰固定姿势模拟机务人员进行托举作业,记录受试者主观疲劳感觉评分(rating of perceived exertion,RPE),同时采集斜方肌、胸锁乳头肌和颈部夹肌的表面肌电信号,分析并计算肌电信号均方根(root mean square,RMS)、积分肌电(integral electromyography,iEMG)、中值频率(median frequency,MF)和平均功率频率(mean power frequency,MPF),并结合主观疲劳感觉评分进行相关性和回归分析。结果 胸锁乳突肌、斜方肌和颈部夹肌的iEMG和RMS变化与托举时间呈正相关关系,其中颈部夹肌的iEMG和胸锁乳突肌RMS相关程度最高,其相关系数分别为0.48和0.84,拟合程度分别为0.69和0.71,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);胸锁乳突肌、斜方肌和颈部夹肌的MPF和MF变化与时间呈负相关关系,其中颈部夹肌的MPF和MF相关程度最高,其相关系数分别为0.95和0.96,拟合程度分别为-0.97和-0.98,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);胸锁乳突肌、斜方肌和颈部夹肌的时域特征与RPE相关性无统计学意义(P>0.05),但频域特征与RPE相关性有统计学意义(P<0.05),相关性MPF指标优于MF。结论 长时间颈部后仰作业会引发斜方肌、胸锁乳头肌和颈部夹肌疲劳,颈部夹肌先于斜方肌和胸锁乳突肌发生疲劳,同时肌电信号的频域指标可作为一个较好的评价指标用于颈部肌肉疲劳评价。Objective In order to reduce the impact of prolonged neck recline on the physical and mental health of aviation maintenance personnel,this study explores the effect of maintaining a prolonged neck recline position during lifting operations on the surface electromyography of the neck muscles.Methods Twenty college students were selected as the research objects.The subjects stood under the wing of the aircraft and kept their neck in a backward fixed position to simulate the maintenance personnel to carry out the lifting operation.The subjects’rating of perceived exertion(RPE)was recorded.At the same time,the surface EMG signals of the trapezius muscle,the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the neck musculus splenius muscle were collected.We analyzed and calculated the root mean square(RMS),integral electromyography(iEMG),median frequency(MF),and mean power frequency(MPF)of electromyographic signals,and conducted correlation and regression analysis in conjunction with subjective fatigue sensation scores.Results The changes of iEMG and RMS of the sternocleidomastoid muscle,trapezius muscle and the neck musculus splenius muscle were positively correlated with the lifting time.The iEMG of the neck musculus splenius muscle and RMS of the sternocleidomastoid muscle had the highest correlation,with the correlation coefficients of 0.48 and 0.84,and the fitting degrees of 0.69 and 0.71,respectively.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The changes of MPF and MF of the sternocleidomastoid muscle,the trapezius muscle and the neck musculus splenius muscle were negatively correlated with time.The correlation coefficients of MPF and MF of the neck musculus splenius muscle were 0.95 and 0.96,respectively,and the fitting degrees were-0.97 and-0.98,respectively,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The correlations between the time domain characteristics of sternocleidomastoid muscle,trapezius muscle,and neck musculus splenius muscle and RPE were not statistically significant(P>0.05),but the correlations b

关 键 词：航空机务 后仰姿势 颈部 表面肌电 肌肉疲劳 

分 类 号：R318.04[医药卫生—生物医学工程]