成株抗性与全生育期抗性基因聚合培育抗条锈性小麦新品种  

Developing Yr-resistant wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)cultivars by pyramiding adult-plant resistance and all-stage resistant genes

作　　者：白斌[1] 杜久元[1] 何瑞 杜晓霖 郭莹[1] BAI Bin;DU Jiuyuan;HE Rui;DU Xiaolin;GUO Ying(Wheat Research Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院小麦研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《植物保护》2023年第6期47-54,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1200902-03);甘肃省重点研发计划(21YF5NA146);甘肃省农业科学院生物育种项目(2023GAAS12)。

摘　　要：聚合成株期抗性基因和全生育期抗病基因是小麦条锈病菌源越夏区甘肃陇南小麦生产中重要的育种策略,可以减轻致病性小种定向选择压力、兼顾苗期抗病性和成株抗病性及提高品种抗病持久性。本研究利用常规育种结合分子标记辅助选择,以抗病品种‘兰天15号’‘兰天26号’和品系‘C69-17-13-14-15-6-1’作为抗病基因供体亲本,聚合成株期抗性基因Yr30/Lr27/Sr2,全生育期抗病基因Yr9、Yr37/Lr17/Sr38和YrZH84,对杂交组合‘兰天26号’ב兰天15号’和‘C69-17-13-14-15-6-1’ב兰天26’的后代进行抗性鉴定与目标基因分子检测,育成了适宜在条锈病越夏核心菌源区甘肃陇南山旱地推广种植的冬小麦新品种‘兰天132’(Yr9+Lr37/Yr17/Sr38+Yr30/Lr27/Sr2+YrZH84)和‘兰天196’(Yr9+Lr37/Yr17/Sr38+Yr30/Lr27/Sr2),其苗期均对主要流行小种CYR33免疫,对CYR34感病,田间成株期对混合菌(CYR32、CYR33、CYR34、Gui22-1、ZS等重要流行小种)高抗至免疫,并具有较好的抗旱性和丰产性。基因聚合新品种‘兰天132’和‘兰天196’有望成为我国条锈病西北越夏核心菌源区陇南小麦生产中持久抗性新品种。It is an important strategy to pyramid the adult-plant resistance and all-stage resistance genes for Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici in wheat breeding in northwest oversummering region in Longnan of Gansu.It can reduce directional selection pressure of pathogens to generate new races,reconcile Yr resistance in all stages in wheat cultivars,and improve durable resistance to stripe rust.In this study,we pyramided adult-plant resistance and all-stage resistant genes by conventional breeding program and molecular marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding.The cultivars‘Lantian 15’‘Lantian 26’and Line‘C69-17-13-14-15-6-1’were selected as Yr-gene donor parents for Yr30/Lr27/Sr2,Yr9,Lr37/Yr17/Sr38,and YrZH84,respectively.The cultivars,derived from the crosses‘Lantian 26’בLantian 15’and‘C69-17-13-14-15-6-1’בLantian 26’were selected for resistance identification and detected by molecular marker-assisted selection.The new winter wheat cultivars‘Lantian 132’(Yr9+Lr37/Yr17/Sr38+Yr30/Lr27/Sr2+YrZH84)and‘Lantian 196’(Yr9+Lr37/Yr17/Sr38+Yr30/Lr27/Sr2)were suitable for planting in the mountainous areas of southern Gansu.They were immune to stripe rust pathogen race CYR33 and susceptible to CYR34 at seedling stage,but both were highly resistant or immune to the multiple races(recent major pathogen races,e.g.,CYR32,CYR33,CYR34,Gui22-1,and ZS type,etc.)at adult-plant stage in the field.The wheat cultivars had elite drought resistance and high-yield potential.‘Lantian 132’and‘Lantian 196’with multiple combination of resistant genes are expected to become new cultivars with durable resistance to stripe rust in the hotspot of oversummering region in southeastern Gansu in northwest China.

关 键 词：小麦 条锈病 基因聚合 分子标记 兰天132 兰天196 

分 类 号：S435.121.42[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]