李小食心虫生物学特征研究  

Biological characteristics of Grapholitha funebrana Treitscheke

作　　者：徐兵强[1] 张齐武 宋博[1] 吾尔肯·叶尔肯 艾合买提·沙吾提 杨森[1] 朱晓锋[1] XU Bingqiang;ZHANG Qiwu;SONG Bo;WUERKEN·Yrken;AIHEMAITI·Sawuti;YANG Sen;ZHU Xiaofeng(Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Special Forestry and Fruit Industry,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety,Urumqi 830091,China;Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830000,China;Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所,农业农村部西北荒漠作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,特色林果产业国家地方联合工程研究中心,新疆农业生物安全重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区林业和草原局,乌鲁木齐830000 [3]新疆农业大学,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《植物保护》2023年第6期272-275,302,共5页Plant Protection

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划(2021B02004-1);新疆农业科学院稳定支持专项(xjnkywdzc-2022004)。

摘　　要：为了高效防控果园李小食心虫,本文研究了李小食心虫羽化规律、化蛹场所、成虫寿命、产卵习性等生物学特征,结果表明:在1天之中有40.39%的李小食心虫在上午8:00-12:00羽化,羽化后第4天成虫开始产卵,并有2个产卵高峰期,分别在羽化后第5~6天和第8~9天;雌成虫平均寿命为8.60~9.08 d,雄成虫为7.40~8.11 d,不同营养对成虫寿命无显著影响,但对产卵量有显著影响,取食10%蜂蜜水的雌成虫产卵量最高,平均达51.56粒/雌,与不取食的雌成虫产卵量有显著性差异;有83.34%的卵产在果实上,显著高于在其他部位的产卵量;产卵后第2天便有幼虫孵化,第3天的卵孵化率为43.81%,显著高于其他日龄卵的孵化率;有47.40%的幼虫在0~3 cm深土壤中化蛹,显著高于其他场所的化蛹量;6月之前幼虫没有滞育现象,7月上旬有53.58%的幼虫进入滞育。In order to prevent and control Grapholitha funebrana Treitscheke in orchards more efficiently,Plumage pattern,pupation sites,adult lifespan,egg-laying habit and other biological characteristics of G.funebrana were investigated.The results showed that 40.39%of G.funebrana were investigated emerged between 8:00 and 12:00 in one day.The adults started to lay eggs on the 4th day after emergence,and there were two peak egg-laying periods,on the 5th-6th and 8th-9th day after emergence,respectively.The average lifespan of female adults ranged from 8.60-9.08 d and male adults ranged from 7.40-8.11 d.There was no significant effect of different nutrition on adult lifespan,but there was a significant effect on egg production,with females feeding on 10%honey water producing the highest egg production,with an average of 51.56 eggs per female,which was significantly different from that of females not feeding.83.34%of the eggs were laid on the fruit,which was significantly higher than that laid on other parts of the fruit.The larvae hatch on the second day after egg laying,with a hatching rate of 43.81%on the third day,which is significantly higher than that of eggs of other ages.47.40%of the larvae pupated in the 0-3 cm soil,which was significantly higher than the pupation rate at other sites.There was no larval diapause until June,and 53.58%of the larvae entered diapause in the first ten-day of July.

关 键 词：李小食心虫 羽化 产卵 孵化 滞育 生物学特征 

分 类 号：S433.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]