饲粮纤维水平对猪肠道屏障功能、结肠微生物及代谢产物的影响  

Effects of Dietary Fiber Level on Intestinal Barrier Function,Colonic Microbiota and Metabolites in Pigs

作　　者：刘畅 崔子旭 左周 贠红梅 牛瑾 杨阳 郭晓红[1] 李步高[1] 高鹏飞[1] 赵燕[1] 曹果清[1] LIU Chang;CUI ZiXu;ZUO Zhou;YUN HongMei;NIU Jin;YANG Yang;GUO XiaoHong;LI BuGao;GAO PengFei;ZHAO Yan;CAO GuoQing(College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,Shanxi;Shanxi Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Service Center,Taiyuan 030001,Shanxi)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科学学院,太谷030801 [2]山西省畜牧技术推广服务中心,太原030001

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2023年第22期4532-4551,共20页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：山西省高等学校科学研究优秀成果培育项目;山西省研究生创新项目(2021Y345);山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC128);三晋学者支持计划专项经费资助(2016;2017);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项。

摘　　要：【目的】添加纤维原料是降低饲料成本的有效方法之一,通过探讨不同纤维水平饲粮对马身猪和杜长大猪肠道健康的影响,为纤维的合理利用提供依据。【方法】初始体重为(20±0.5)kg的马身猪(MS)和杜×长×大三元杂交猪(DLY)各80头,品种内随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复4头猪(公母各半)。试验饲粮分别在玉米-豆粕基础日粮中添加0%、9.35%、18.64%和28.03%的大豆皮,日粮中中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量分别为9%(9N)、13.5%(13.5N)、18%(18N)和22.5%(22.5N)。试验期30 d。【结果】对于马身猪,18N组回肠IL-10含量、13.5N和22.5N组盲肠TNF-α含量均显著降低(P<0.05);空肠、回肠、盲肠杯状细胞数目随纤维水平的提高而增加,结肠杯状细胞数量和MUC2表达水平在13.5N和18N组均显著增加(P<0.05);18N和22.5N组Claudin-2、Occludin、E-cadherin、ZO-1、ZO-2的表达量显著增加(P<0.05);13.5N、18N和22.5N组的大肠杆菌志贺氏菌丰度显著降低(P<0.05);13.5N组的乳酸杆菌属、18N组的普雷沃氏菌科_NK3B31属、22.5N组的甲烷杆菌属的丰度均显著提高(P<0.05);13.5N、18N和22.5N组的棕榈酸、硬脂酸、月桂酸、癸酸均显著上调(P<0.05),石胆酸、胆酸均显著下调(P<0.05);差异代谢物主要富集在脂质代谢和碳水化合物消化吸收相关通路上。对于杜长大猪,22.5N组盲肠TNF-α含量显著提高(P<0.05);13.5N、18N、22.5N组的各肠段的杯状细胞数量显著高于9N组(P<0.05),结肠MUC2表达水平在13.5N、18N组显著增加(P<0.05),在22.5N组则显著下降(P<0.05);18N、22.5N组的Claudin-2、Occludin、E-cadherin、ZO-1表达水平显著降低(P<0.05);13.5N的甲烷杆菌属、18N组的链球菌属、22.5N组的毛螺菌属丰度均显著提高(P<0.05);L-酪氨酸、L-谷氨酸、L-焦谷氨酸、苯丙氨酸等羧酸及其衍生物在13.5N、18N组中显著上调,而在22.5N组中显著下调;差异代谢产物主要富集在氨基酸代谢通路上。马身猪和杜长大猪的微�【Objective】Adding fiber raw materials is one of the effective methods to reduce the feed costs.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different fiber level diets on the intestinal health of Mashen(MS)pig and Duroc×Landrace×Large(DLY)pig,so as to provide the basis for the rational use of fiber.【Method】In this study,80 MS pigs and 80 DLY pigs with an initial body weight of(20±0.5)kg were used as test objects(half of the sows and half of the boars).MS and DLY pigs were divided into four groups each assigned to different diets,with five replicates per treatment and four pigs per replicate.When 0%,9.35%,18.64%and 28.03%soybean hulls were added to the corn soybean meal basal diet,the NDF content was 9%(9N),13.5%(13.5N),18%(18N)and 22.5%(22.5N),respectively.The test lasted for 30 days.【Result】For MS pigs,the content of IL-10 in ileum of 18N group and TNF-αin cecum of 13.5N and 22.5N groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The number of goblet cells in jejunum,ileum and caecum was increased with the increase of fiber level.In colon,the number of goblet cells and the expression level of MUC2 were significantly increased in 13.5N and 18N groups(P<0.05).The expressions of Claudin-2,Occludin,E-cadherin,ZO-1,and ZO-2 of 18N and 22.5N groups were increased significantly(P<0.05).The abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in 13.5N,18N and 22.5N groups were decreased significantly(P<0.05),while the abundance of Lactobacillus in 13.5N group,Prevoteaceae_NK3B31_group in 18N group and Methanobrevibacter in 22.5N group were increased significantly(P<0.05).Palmitic acid,stearic acid,lauric acid and capric acid in 13.5N,18N and 22.5N groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),while lithocholic acid and cholic acid were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Differential metabolites were mainly concentrated in the pathways related to lipid metabolism and carbohydrate digestion and absorption.For DLY pigs,the TNF-αcontent in cecum of 13.5N group was significantly increased(P<0.05).The number of goblet cells in e

关 键 词：饲粮纤维水平 肠道屏障 微生物 代谢产物 猪 

分 类 号：S828.5[农业科学—畜牧学]