加拿大一枝黄花在江南休闲旅游乡村的入侵特征及其影响因素  

Invasion characteristics and influencing factors of Solidago canadensis in leisure-tourism villages in the south of the Yangtze River

作　　者：葛结林[1] 熊高明[1] 毛江涛 徐文婷[1] 秦晓琼 谢宗强[1,2] GE Jielin;XIONG Gaoming;MAO Jiangtao;XU Wenting;QIN Xiaoqiong;XIE Zongqiang(State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101408,China;Qiyue Mountain Forest Farm,Fengdu County,Chongqing 408200,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室,北京100093 [2]中国科学院大学,北京101408 [3]重庆市丰都县七跃山林场,重庆408200

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》2023年第12期1932-1942,共11页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1100403)资助。

摘　　要：外来入侵植物严重威胁着乡村地区植物多样性并削弱了其生态系统服务功能,成为乡村振兴和美丽乡村建设中亟待解决的突出问题。本研究选择江南休闲旅游型乡村牌坊社区,基于127个植物群落样地调查数据,定量探究了外来入侵植物加拿大一枝黄花入侵特征及其影响因素。结果发现:1)加拿大一枝黄花的高度分布呈正态分布,盖度呈明显正偏态分布,其在乡村区域呈现出多点散状分布模式,局部形成单优群落,存在进一步扩散的趋势。2)加拿大一枝黄花高度和盖度受到不同因素的制约,其高度与群落中本地植物物种数量和盖度表现出显著负相关,其中本地植物物种数量的相对作用最大;其盖度随着距农田距离、本地植物物种数量和盖度的增加呈现减小趋势;本地植物物种数量和盖度的交互作用显著抑制了加拿大一枝黄花的盖度,本地植物盖度对加拿大一枝黄花盖度的抑制作用随着群落中本地植物物种数量的增加而增强。本研究发现本地植物的群落属性在抑制加拿大一枝黄花入侵乡村中起着关键作用,拓宽了对外来植物在乡村景观中入侵机制的理解,强调了发展休闲旅游迫切需要将外来入侵植物的监测防控纳入乡村生态景观规划中,为乡村外来入侵植物综合防治提供了科学依据。Invasive plants pose a serious threat to plant diversity in rural areas,weaken their ecosystem service functions,and have become a prominent issue that urgently needs to be addressed in rural revitalization and beautiful rural construction.In this study,based on survey data from 127 sampling sites,we aimed to explore the degree of invasion and influencing factors of the invasive plant Solidago canadensis in a leisure-tourism village located in south of the Yangtze River.The height of S.canadensis showed a normal distribution,whereas its coverage showed a significantly positively skewed distribution.In rural areas,it displayed a multipoint scattered distribution pattern,forming a single optimal community locally and exhibiting a trend of further potential dispersal.We also found that the height and coverage of S.canadensis were significantly affected by various factors in rural environments.Specific-ally,the height of S.canadensis was negatively correlated with the species number and coverage of native plant species in the com-munity,in which the number of native plant species played a more important role.In contrast,the coverage of S.canadensis showed a decreasing trend with increasing distance from the farmland,and the species number and coverage of native plant species.The inter-action between the number of native plant species and coverage significantly suppressed the coverage of S.canadensis,and the inhib-itory effect of native plant coverage on the coverage of S.canadensis increased with the increase in the number of native plant spe-cies in the rural community.In conclusion,leisure-tourism villages have been severely affected by the invasion and spread of S.canadensis.This study also identified the fundamental role of multiple community attributes of native plant species in resisting the in-vasiveness of single alien plant species and broadened our current understanding of the invasion mechanism of single invasive plants in rural landscapes.These findings emphasize the urgent need to incorporate the monitor

关 键 词：入侵植物 乡村景观 本地植物 入侵程度 生物多样性 乡村生态规划 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]