南宋义役制度的产生及流变  

The Emergence and Evolution of the Corvee Service System in the Southern Song Dynasty

作　　者：张恒 Zhang Heng

机构地区：[1]山东大学历史文化学院,济南250100

出　　处：《历史研究》2023年第5期65-85,M0004,共22页Historical Research

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“国家治理视阈下的明代赋役黄册研究”(23CZS027)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：由于朝廷役法制度反复调整,南宋地方州县推行役法混乱无序。绍兴十二年,浙东路婺州金华县开始出现民众自发组织并依据文书确定轮派役次的义役制度。役首、役田与义役规约构成南宋义役制度基本组织架构。役首是义役制度决策核心,役田为制度运行提供经济保障,义役规约对组织成员发挥约束和规范作用。南宋义役主要在两浙路处州、婺州及其附近区域推行。处州义役是南宋义役制度运行的缩影,平江府常熟县是考察南宋义役与经界关系的典例。元代助役法及明代以赋役黄册编排里甲差役的方式,均是对南宋义役制度的继承发展。Due to repeated adjustments to the Imperial court's corvee service law system during the Southern Song Dynasty,these laws were haphazardly implemented in local counties.In 1142,in Jinhua County,Wuzhou,Zhedong Lu,a corvee service system under which people organized themselves and determined their shifts based on documentation began to spontaneously emerge.The basic organizational structure of the Southern Song Dynasty corvee service system was composed of a corvee service leader,corvee service fields and the corvee service statute.The leader was the system's core decision-maker.The fields provided economic support for the system's operation,while the statute played a binding and normative role for the organization's members.During the Southern Song Dynasty,service was mainly implemented in Liangzhe Lu's Chuzhou,Wuzhou and nearby district.Chuzhou represented a microcosm of the system's operation,while Changshu County,Pingjiang Prefecture,provides a typical example permitting investigation of the relationship between the service system and boundaries during the Southern Song Dynasty.The Yuan Dynasty's Assistive Service Law(Zhuyifa),and the method of arranging self-administration(Lijia)service set out in Ming Dynasty Yellow Registers,were inherited and developed from the Southern Song Zhang Heng(65)Dynasty system.

关 键 词：南宋 义役制度 助役法 赋役制度 里甲制度 

分 类 号：F129[经济管理—世界经济] K245[历史地理—历史学]