农村金融增量改革促进了县域经济发展吗——基于1137家村镇银行数据的实证分析  

Does the Incremental Reform of Rural Finance Boost County-Level Economic Development?An Empirical Analysis of 1137 Village Banks

作　　者：周孟亮[1] 王立聪 ZHOU Mengliang;WANG Licong

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学经济学院

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2023年第6期24-43,共20页China Rural Survey

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“接续推进脱贫地区乡村振兴的金融支持研究”(编号:21&ZD115);国家社会科学基金一般项目“可持续性金融扶贫模式构建研究”(编号:18BJY160);湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会课题“普惠金融高质量发展促进共同富裕的路径优化研究”(编号:XSP2023GLZ016)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：本文使用2008-2019年1116个县域的1137家村镇银行数据,利用包含非期望产出的超效率SBM模型测算县域经济发展水平,研究村镇银行设立对县域经济发展的影响,检验农村金融增量改革的效果。研究发现:第一,村镇银行设立能显著提升县域经济发展水平。第二,村镇银行设立通过抑制资金外流来推动县域经济发展。第三,因为地理区位、主发起行类型等方面的差异,村镇银行设立对县域经济发展水平的影响存在异质性。在经济欠发达的中西部县域,村镇银行设立对县域经济发展的促进作用更加显著。当城市商业银行为主发起行时,村镇银行设立的促进作用被放大;当农村商业银行、股份制商业银行为主发起行时,村镇银行设立的促进作用被削弱。因此,应该继续推进农村金融增量改革,优化村镇银行区域布局,强化机构运营的稳健性,引导资金回流农村,实现县域经济高质量发展。Using the data of 1137 village banks in 1116 Chinese counties from 2008 to 2019,this paper measures county-level economic development by utilizing the unexpected output SBM model,studies the impact of the establishment of village banks on county-level economic development,and tests the effect of the incremental reform ofrural finance.The findings are as follows.First,the establishment of village banks can significantly improve the level of county-level economic development.Second,the establishment of village banks promotes the county-level economic development by restraining capital outflows.Third,due to the differences in geographical location and the type of the main sponsor bank,the establishment of village banks has a heterogeneous impact on the level of county-level economic development.In the underdeveloped central and western counties,the establishment of village banks plays a more significant role in promoting the county-level economy development.When urban commercial banks are the main sponsor banks,the promotion effect of the establishment of village banks is magnified.In contrast,when rural commercial banks and joint-stock banks are the main sponsoring banks,the promotion effect of the establishment of village banks is weakened.Therefore,it is necessary to continue to promote the incremental reform of rural finance,optimize the regional layout of village banks,strengthen the robustness of institutional operation,guide the repatriation of funds to rural areas,and achieve high-quality development of county-level economy.

关 键 词：增量改革 县域经济 资金外流 村镇银行 

分 类 号：F832.33[经济管理—金融学]