车载危爆品爆炸作用下桥面压力场分布及破坏效应研究  

Study on Pressure Field Distribution and Damage Effect of Bridge Deck under Explosion Action of Vehicle-Borne Hazardous Explosive

作　　者：熊红霞[1] 曾珍 胡志坚[2] XIONG Hong-xia;ZENG Zhen;HU Zhi-jian(School of Civil Engineering&Architecture,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;School of Transportation,Wuhan University of technology,Wuhan,430063,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学土木工程与建筑学院,武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学交通学院,武汉430063

出　　处：《爆破》2023年第4期208-217,共10页Blasting

基　　金：国家重点研发计划基础科研条件与重大科学仪器设备研发重点专项课题(2022YFF0707000)。

摘　　要：为了探索车载危爆品发生爆炸造成桥梁损伤的破坏形态及桥面上爆炸荷载压力场的分布规律,采用AUTODYN软件建立了精细化数值模型,分析不同形状尺寸车厢钢板及多种爆炸工况下桥面荷载压力场的区域分布特征,给出了钢板发挥阻挡冲击波作用的临界尺寸。针对开展桥梁爆炸实验存在风险高、耗资大的难题,参考一座实桥遭遇危爆品爆炸事故后的详细检测报告,反演其爆炸损毁过程。基于最小二乘法对大量数值算例结果进行多项式曲线拟合,对传统的自由空气域爆炸冲击波压力计算公式进行了修正,提出了考虑车厢钢板阻挡的车载物爆炸作用下桥面超压峰值预测公式。经此公式计算得出的荷载压力分区与实桥检测报告中桥面破坏区域的对应吻合情况良好。研究成果可为桥梁结构的防爆抗爆设计提供参考。To explore the destructive forms of bridge damage caused by explosions of hazardous materials in vehicles and the distribution of explosion load pressures on the bridge deck,a refined numerical model was established using AUTODYN software.The study analyzed the regional distribution characteristics of the bridge load pressure field under various explosion conditions with different shapes and sizes of steel plates,and determined the critical dimensions at which the steel plates play a blocking role against shock waves.In response to the challenges of conducting bridge explosion experiments,which involve high risks and large expenses,the research referred to a detailed inspection report of a real bridge after an explosion accident and inferred its explosion damage process.Based on the least squares method,a polynomial curve fitting was applied to numerous of numerical calculation results,and the traditional calculation formula for explosion shock wave pressure in the free air domain was modified.A prediction formula for the peak overpressure on the bridge deck under the explosive effects from the vehicle-borne cargo,taking into account the blocking of carriage steel plates,was proposed.The load pressure distribution calculated by this formula corresponded well to the damaged areas on the bridge deck as reported in the real bridge inspection report.

关 键 词：车载物爆炸 混凝土桥面 压力场分布 阻挡钢板 超压预测 

分 类 号：U443.22[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]