钒渣焙烧提钒工艺的研究进展  

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON VANADIUM EXTRACTION PROCESS OF ROASTING VANADIUM SLAG

作　　者：马琎 姚志超[1,2] 马保中 郁建成 王成彦 王宝华[3] 高明磊 冯国晟 Ma Jin;Yao Zhichao;Ma Baozhong;Yu Jiancheng;Wang Chengyan;Wang Baohua;Gao Minglei;Feng Guosheng(School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083;Mining and Metallurgical Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100160;Chengde Vanadium and Titanium New Materials Co.,Ltd.,Chengde 067102,Hebei)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083 [2]矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京100160 [3]承德钒钛新材料有限公司,河北承德067102

出　　处：《河北冶金》2023年第11期7-13,77,共8页Hebei Metallurgy

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2904201);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(FRF-TT-19-001)

摘　　要：钒是一种具有优异物理化学性能的稀有金属元素,在航空航天、钢铁冶金、化工以及新能源等方面都有着重要的应用。伴随着现代工业的迅速发展,各种领域对钒的需求量不断增长。钒在自然界中的储量较为丰富,但其通常与其他金属矿物共伴生。当前,可用于提钒的原料主要有含钒碳质页岩(石煤或煤矸石)、含钒云母、石油废渣、废催化剂、钒钛磁铁矿、含钒转炉渣等。其中,钒钛磁铁矿经高炉冶炼和转炉冶炼后产出的含钒转炉渣是目前提钒工业中采用的主要原料。基于此,结合国内外钒渣焙烧提钒工艺现状,从工艺参数优化和机理研究等方面系统总结了已实现工业化应用的钠化氧化焙烧提钒工艺和钙化氧化焙烧提钒工艺;综述了尚处于实验阶段的无盐焙烧提钒、氯化焙烧提钒、锰盐焙烧提钒以及镁化焙烧提钒等工艺的研究进展。指出了提钒工艺未来应该向高回收率、无污染、低成本的绿色环保冶炼方向发展,并为未来提钒技术的研究提供参考。Vanadium is a rare metal element with excellent physical and chemical properties,which has important applications in aerospace,iron and steel metallurgy,chemical industry and new energy.With the rapid development of modern industry,the demand for vanadium in various fields is growing.Vanadium is abundant in nature,but it is often associated with other metal minerals.At present,the raw materials that can be used for vanadium extraction mainly include vanadium-containing carbonaceous shale(stone coal or coal gangue),vanadium-containing mica,petroleum waste slag,waste catalyst,vanadium titanomagnetite,vanadium-containing converter slag,etc.Among them,vanadium-containing converter slag produced by vanadium titanomagnetite smelting by blast furnace smelting and converter smelting is the main raw material used in the vanadium extraction industry.Based on this,combined with the current situation of vanadium extraction process by vanadium slag roasting at home and abroad,this paper systematically summarizes the vanadium extraction process of sodium oxidation roasting and vanadium extraction process that have been industrially applied from the aspects of process parameter optimization and mechanism research,and summarizes the research progress of vanadium extraction by salt-free roasting,vanadium extraction by chlorinated roasting,vanadium extraction by manganese salt roasting and vanadium extraction by magnesium roasting,which are still in the experimental stage.It is pointed out that the vanadium extraction process should be developed in the direction of high recovery,pollution-free and low-cost green smelting in the future,and provides a reference for the future research of vanadium extraction technology.

关 键 词：钒渣 提钒 钠化焙烧 钙化焙烧 无盐焙烧 氯化焙烧 锰盐焙烧 

分 类 号：TF841.3[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]