飞行员虚拟现实任务下的客观指标与个性特征的相关性研究  

Correlations between objective indexes and personality traits of pilots in virtual reality tasks

作　　者：张焱 熊端琴 林榕 杜健 戈含笑 张宜爽 廖扬 孙洪昌 张磊 许肖 杨柳 ZHANG Yan;XIONG Duanqin;LIN Rong;DU Jian;GE Hanxiao;ZHANG Yishuang;LIAO Yang;SUN Hongchang;ZHANG Lei;XU Xiao;YANG Liu(Department of Aviation Psychology,Air Force Medical Center,Air Force Medical University,PLA,Beijing 100142;295935 of PLA,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学空军特色医学中心航空心理研究室,北京100142 [2]解放军95935部队

出　　处：《空军航空医学》2023年第5期390-394,共5页AVIATION MEDICINE OF AIR FORCE

摘　　要：目的 探讨采用虚拟现实任务下的皮电值变化率评估飞行员个性特征的可行性。方法 随机选取参加航空医学训练的26名飞行员作为受试者,完成卡特尔16种人格因素问卷(Cattell's 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire,16PF)、虚拟现实环境下的悬崖边缘行走和听指令跳崖任务、桌面模拟巡航任务。任务前、后采集受试者的皮电信号并进行应激程度自评。任务过程中同步监测和记录皮电信号及跳跃反应时间。分析受试者的皮电值变化率和跳跃反应时与16PF得分之间的相关性。结果 1)16PF中,自律性、紧张性、敢为性、世故性因子与相应皮电值的变化率呈相关性(r=-0.464~0.482,P均<0.05);2)跳跃时间短的受试者在16PF的怀疑性维度上的得分低于跳跃时间长的受试者(t=3.25,P=0.007);3)受试者的目标搜索时间与形成悬崖阶段皮电值变化率、跳跃任务阶段皮电值变化率以及跳跃时间呈正相关(r=0.416、0.416、0.490,P=0.035、0.035、0.011)。结论 基于虚拟现实任务下的皮肤电导反应变化率可能成为评价飞行员个性特征的潜在的客观指标。Objective To explore the feasibility of evaluating the personality traits of pilots.Methods Twenty-six pilots under aviation training were randomly selected to complete the Cattell's 16 personality factors questionnaire(16PF),cliff edge walking,cliff jumping,and desktop simulation cruise in a virtual reality(VR)environment.Before and after the VR task,the skin signals of the subjects were collected and the level of stress was self-rated.During the task,the electrical signals and jump reaction time were synchronously monitored and recorded.The correlations between the changes of skin electrical values,jump response and 16PF were analyzed.Results 1)In 16PF,the factors of automaticity,tension,daring and sophistication were significantly correlated with the change rate of the corresponding skin electrical values(r=-0.464~0.482,all P<0.05).2)Subjects with a short jump time had significantly lower scores in the skeptical dimension of the Cattell's 16 personality factors questionnaire than those with a long jump time(t=3.25,P=0.007).3)The target search time of subjects was positively correlated with the change rate of skin electrical values in the cliff formation stage,the change rate of skin electrical values in the jump task stage,and the jump time(r=0.416,0.416,0.490,P=0.035,0.035,0.011).Conclusion The change rate of skin electrical values in virtual reality tasks may be a potential objective index for evaluation of personality traits of pilots.

关 键 词：心理学试验 皮电 个性特征 飞行员 

分 类 号：R853[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]