土壤有机碳储量及其变化评估的研究方法  

Effects and estimation methods of soil organic carbon storage

作　　者：魏建兵 梁兵[2] 陆庆轩 吴尚遇 WEI Jian-bing;LIANG Bing;LU Qing-xuan;WU Shang-yu(School of life Science and Engineering of Shenyang university,Shenyang Liaoning 110044;Key Laboratory of Eco-restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment,Environment School of Shenyang University,Shenyang Liaoning 110044;Institute of Carbon Neutrality Technology and Policy,Shenyang University,Shenyang Liaoning 110044)

机构地区：[1]沈阳大学生命科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110044 [2]沈阳大学环境学院区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110044 [3]沈阳大学碳中和技术与政策研究所,辽宁沈阳110044

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2023年第9期224-233,共10页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41771200)。

摘　　要：土壤作为陆地生态系统中最大的碳库和碳循环的关键要素,其碳储量和变化直接影响全球碳平衡和气候变化过程。分析和总结土壤有机碳(SOC)储量影响因素及其大小、变化的研究方法,半定量的相关性分析和荟萃分析等可以用来确定SOC储量的主要影响因子;定量化的实测实验方法如容量法、燃烧法和稳定同位素法等可较为准确地测算SOC含量并用于区域储量估算,但存在耗时费力等成本缺陷;基于经验模型、机器学习、遥感反演等技术实现大尺度、快速测量SOC及其变化的方法获得较快的发展,但需要解决精度较低和结果不确定性等突出问题;基于过程的模型方法需要根据具体的研究目标进行抉择和改进,重点是模型的验证和校准;SOC-生态系统模型需要重点开发涡流协方差(EC)系统与生命周期评估(LCA)的耦合方法和标准程序;SOC-景观模型需要在景观三维表征、SOC转移流在单元间相互作用过程模拟等方面多学科攻关。As the largest carbon pool and key element of carbon cycle in terrestrial ecosystem,soil carbon storage and change directly affect the global carbon balance and climate change process.This review analyzed and summarized the influencing factors of soil organic carbon(SOC)storage and the research methods of its change.Semi-quantitative correlation analysis and meta-analysis could be used to determine the main influencing factors of soil organic carbon storage.The quantitative experimental methods,such as volumetric method,combustion method and stable isotope method,could be used to accurately measure SOC content and estimate regional storage,but they have cost defects such as time-consuming and being laborious.The methods of realizing large-scale and rapid measurement of SOC and its changes based on empirical models,machine learning,remote sensing retrieval and other technologies have developed rapidly,but the prominent problems such as low accuracy and uncertainty of results need to be solved.The process based on modelling methods need to be selected and improved according to the specific research objectives,with the focus on the verification and calibration of the model.SOC-ecosystem model needs to focus on the development of eddy covariance(EC)system and life cycle assessment(LCA)coupling methods and standard procedures;and SOC-landscape model requires multidisciplinary research in threedimensional characterization of landscape and simulation of interaction process of SOC transfer flows between modelling units.

关 键 词：土壤有机碳储量 影响因素 评估方法 SOC-生态系统模型 SOC-景观模型 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]