论美国人权的逆世俗化与政治工具化  

Analysis on the Anti-Secularization and Political Instrumentalization of Human Rights in the United States

作　　者：徐上 XU Shang(State Grid International Development Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100031,China)

机构地区：[1]国网国际发展有限公司,北京100031

出　　处：《太原学院学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期1-12,共12页Journal of Taiyuan University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：美国人权价值观形成的历史基础决定了其显著的宗教特征,全球化和世俗化的发展促进了人权理念的发展,却加速了美国国内保守势力与进步势力的矛盾激化,导致其人权理念日益脆弱和分裂。美国人权价值观深陷世俗化停滞不前的困境,甚至出现逆世俗化的趋势;美国不仅在国际上推行人权外交,在国内党争方面也积极进行人权话语权的争夺,美国人权的政治工具化特点突出。导致美国人权的逆世俗化与政治工具化的根本原因在于美国新教文化与多元文化矛盾激化、国内阶层矛盾的扩大两个方面。讨论美国人权的逆世俗化与政治工具化不仅有利于全面了解美国的人权价值观,还有利于加强对世俗化与人权关系的认知、对人权普遍性争论的认识、对人权政治属性和实践的探索以及对国际人权发展路径的探析。The historical foundation for the formation of American human rights values determines its striking religious characteristics.The development of globalization and secularization has promoted the evolving of the concept of human rights,while accelerating the intensification of conflicts between conservatives and progressives in the United States,causing values on human rights increasingly fragile and fragmented.They are still deeply stuck in the dilemma of the stagnation of secularization,and even show trend of anti-secularization.The United States not only carry out human rights diplomacy worldwide,but also actively competes for the discourse of human rights in domestic party struggles,leading to prominent political instrumentalization of human rights.The main reasons are the increasingly fierce conflict between Multiculturalism and Protestant values,and the intensification of contradictions among varied classes.Discussing the anti-secularization and political instrumentalization of human rights in the United States is conducive to a comprehensive understanding of American human rights values,the relationship between secularization and the universal debate on human rights,so as to explore the political attributes and practice of human rights and analyze the development path of international human rights.

关 键 词：美国人权 逆世俗化 政治工具化 新教文化 人权价值观 

分 类 号：D815.7[政治法律—国际关系]