硫酸盐和黑碳气溶胶影响南海夏季风爆发的数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation of the Effects of Sulfate and Black CarbonAerosols on the Onset of the South China Sea Summer Monsoon

作　　者：吴昊宸 朱彬[1] 房宸蔚 周顺武[1] 曾刚[1] 章炎麟 廖宏 WU Haochen;ZHU Bin;FANG Chenwei;ZHOU Shunwu;ZENG Gang;ZHANG Yanlin;LIAO Hong(Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster(KLME),Ministry of Education&Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD),Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing,210044;School of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044;School of Environmental Science and Engineering/Tech Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Atmospheric Environmental Monitoring and Pollution Control/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/气象灾害教育部重点实验室,南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京210044 [3]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院/江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室/江苏省大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《大气科学》2023年第6期1955-1966,共12页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：资助项目国家自然科学基金项目42021004、42192512。

摘　　要：硫酸盐气溶胶(SO_4^(2-))和黑碳气溶胶(BC)可以通过散射或吸收太阳辐射改变地气系统能量收支,进而引起局地热力和云过程变化乃至大气环流的调整而影响气候系统。南海夏季风(SCSSM)作为东亚夏季风的子系统之一,与东亚大气环流和降水有着重要的相互影响。前人对SO_4^(2-)和BC对东亚副热带季风已有详细研究,但对SO_4^(2-)和BC影响南海夏季风的机制研究较少。本研究利用CESM(The Community Earth System Model)模式CAM5.1模块模拟研究了SO_4^(2-)和BC对南海—华南经向海陆热力差异、中南半岛对流、西太平洋副热带高压(西太副高)断裂以及南海夏季风爆发的影响,重点探讨了气溶胶影响SCSSM爆发的动力和热力机制。模拟试验结果表明,SO_4^(2-)和BC均有利于中南半岛对流层整层大气稳定性增强,引发了中南半岛上空的下沉气流异常,动力上抑制了中南半岛对流,分别使得春末夏初时副高带断裂时间推迟了2候和1候。同时,热力上SO_4^(2-)(BC)又推迟(提前)了春季经向海陆温差逆转时间。综合而言,SO_4^(2-)一致的动力和热力效应使得SCSSM爆发推迟了1候。而BC对SCSSM爆发基本无影响,可能是由于BC相反的动力和热力效应。Sulfate(SO_4^(2-))and black carbon(BC)can modify the energy budget of the earth–atmosphere system by scattering or absorbing solar radiation,thereby causing changes in local thermal and cloud processes and affecting the atmospheric circulation and climate system.As one of the subsystems of the East Asian summer monsoon,the South China Sea summer monsoon(SCSSM)considerably affects the East Asian atmospheric circulation and precipitation.However,the influence of SO_4^(2-)and BC on SCSSM and its mechanism are not yet fully understood.Therefore,this study employs the community earth system model CAM5.1 module to study the effects of SO_4^(2-)and BC on the meridional sea–land thermal difference between the South China Sea and South China,convection in the Indo–China Peninsula,breakup of the western Pacific subtropical high,and onset of the SCSSM.The dynamic and thermodynamic mechanisms of aerosols that affect the onset of SCSSM are emphasized.The simulation results show that SO_4^(2-)and BC can effectively enhance the stability of the entire troposphere in the Indo–China Peninsula,triggering anomalous subsidence airflow over the Peninsula,dynamically inhibiting convection in the Peninsula,and causing a delay in subtropical high belt breakup by 2(SO_4^(2-))and 1(BC)pentads,from late spring to early summer.In addition,the reversal time of the spring meridional sea–land temperature difference was delayed/advanced by SO_4^(2-)/BC.Consistent dynamic and thermal effects of SO_4^(2-)delay the onset of SCSSM by 1 pentad.Meanwhile,BC exerts insignificant effects on the onset of SCSSM,probably because of the opposite dynamic and thermal effects of BC.

关 键 词：硫酸盐气溶胶 黑碳气溶胶 南海夏季风 中南半岛对流 季风爆发 

分 类 号：P401[天文地球—大气物理学与大气环境]