非体面工作者的职业污名:演化逻辑、自我构建与消解路径——基于“个人——情境”分析框架  

Occupational Stigma of Non-Decent Workers:Evolutionary Logic,Self-Construction and Paths to Dissolution——An Analytical Framework Based on the“Individual-Situational”Approach

作　　者：高鹏飞 赵贺贺 张健明[2] GAO Pengfei;ZHAO Hehe;ZHANG Jianming

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学公共管理学院 [2]上海工程技术大学管理学院

出　　处：《社会政策研究》2023年第4期93-108,共16页Social Policy Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“慈善组织的治理和监督机制研究”(项目批准号:20&ZD182);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“上海市机构养老服务定价机制研究”(项目批准号:YBNLTS2023-031)。

摘　　要：尽管非体面工作者对社会经济的正常运转作出了重要贡献,但公众对其存在一定的负面认知。基于污名化理论,构建“个人—情境”分析框架,采取案例研究法,选择上海市S区W社区和S社区作为研究样本。首先,分析了社会公众对非体面工作者职业污名的认知态度及其演变逻辑,发现从个体负面认知到职业污名固化存在递进关系,代际职业流动和经济收入条件改善是影响公众认知态度转变的关键因素。其次,考察了非体面工作者在职业污名之下的自我构建,发现他们通过“正常的越轨者”角色和社会比较实现个体层面自我构建,并从“大家庭”和适应性维度进行群体层面自我构建。最后,从“个体—行为”“个体—认知”“情境—制度”和“情境—文化”四个维度,提出非体面工作者职业污名的消解路径。Although non-decent workers make an important contribution to the normal functioning of society and economy,there are some negative public perceptions of them.Based on the theory of stigmatization,we constructed a"personal-situational"analysis framework,adopted the case study method,and chose two communities in Shanghai as the research samples.First,the study analyzed the public's cognitive attitudes towards the professional stigma of non-decent workers and its evolution logic,and found that there is a progressive relationship from individual negative cognition to the solidification of professional stigma,and that inter-generational occupational mobility and economic income conditions are the key factors influencing the public's cognitive attitude change.Secondly,the study examines the self-construction of non-decent workers under the occupational stigma,and finds that they realize self-construction at the individual level through the role of"normal transgressors"and social comparison,and self-construction at the group level through the dimensions of"big family"and adaptability.The group level self-construction was done from the"extended family"and adaptability dimensions.Finally,from the dimensions of"individual-behavior","individualcognition","context-institution"and"context-culture",we propose a pathway for eliminate the occupational stigma of non-decent workers.

关 键 词：非体面工作 职业污名 认知评估 污名化理论 演化逻辑 

分 类 号：C913.2[经济管理]