北极星爵士:“启蒙运动”时期中、欧建筑与园林艺术交流的文化使者——纪念威廉·钱伯斯300周年诞辰  

Knight of Polar Star:A Cultural Envoy for the Exchange of Architecture and Garden Art between Europe and China During the Enlightenment—Commemorating the 300^(th) Anniversary of Sir William Chambers'Birth

作　　者：陶石 苏勇[3,4] 陆雄 TAO Shi;SU Yong;LU Xiong

机构地区：[1]北京世纪千府国际工程设计有限公司景观院,北京100089 [2]北京世纪千府国际工程设计有限公司叙事空间研究中心,北京100089 [3]中央美术学院建筑学院城市设计与规划系,北京100105 [4]北京土木建筑学会 [5]上海市园林设计研究总院有限公司建筑研究院,上海200031

出　　处：《中国园林》2023年第11期139-144,共6页Chinese Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：2023年是北极星爵士——威廉·钱伯斯300周年诞辰。这位生于瑞典的苏格兰裔英国新古典主义建筑大师出身于海员,在追求个人兴趣的因缘际会下开启了中欧建筑、园林艺术在专业层面交流的先河。通过回顾这位文化使者生平的同时,尝试提出“‘英-华园’范式”概念,并指出其成为欧洲“启蒙运动”时期那一代“开明君主”青睐的王家园林摹本而风靡一时,亦因多处实践成果列入世界文化遗产而影响至今。同时,作为一篇纪念文章,在写作上通过对历史大背景下的相关事件联想式地展开,希望能够跳出就事论事的考据,以引发之外的一些思考。2023 is the 300^(th) anniversary of Sir William Chambers's birth.Born in Sweden,the Scottish-British neoclassical architect was a sailor at first,and he opened a precedent for professional exchanges in architecture and garden art between China and Europe under the occasional meeting in pursuit of personal interests.While reviewing the life of this cultural envoy,the article attempts to propose the concept of the"'Jardin Anglo-Chinois'paradigm"and points out that it became a popular copy of the imperial gardens favored by the enlightened monarchs of the European Enlightenment period and has consequence by the inclusion of multiple practical achievements in world cultural heritage.At the same time,as a commemorative article,it is hoped to jump out of the textual research on the facts and trigger some thinking beyond the historical context by associating relevant events in the writing.

关 键 词：风景园林 威廉·钱伯斯 中国园林 英国自然风景园 启蒙运动 “英-华园”范式 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]