家庭教育促进法中强制干预的督促监护问题研究  

Research on the Supervision of Guardianship of Compulsory Intervention in the Family Education Promotion Law

作　　者：王广聪 王进 Wang Guangcong;Wang Jin

机构地区：[1]最高人民检察院,北京100726 [2]山东省人民检察院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《法学杂志》2023年第6期60-75,共16页Law Science Magazine

基　　金：2023年度最高人民检察院检察理论研究课题“未成年人民事检察工作研究”(项目编号:GJ2023C30)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：以促进未成年人健康成长为目标,《家庭教育促进法》的立法诉求是普遍性提升家庭教育能力、规范家庭教育行为。但在柔性立法整体框架下,偏重指导和促进的倡导性措施难以全面应对司法实践中未成年人犯罪或者遭受犯罪侵害反映出的家庭教育存在的不同问题。在教养方式不当轻型和监护直接侵害等重型之间,应当着眼法法衔接与路径贯通,进一步释明《家庭教育促进法》第49条责令接受家庭教育指导的强制性内涵,强化国家对家庭监护功能障碍、不易自愈监护行为的司法干预,以督促监护的强制性令状方式建立一种有效的中间措施,形成接受家庭教育指导建议书、强制性督促监护令和刚性撤销监护人资格的规范体系,以社会法的家庭教育方法路径促进《民法典》等监护责任内容的实现。就督促监护的具体构造而言,可以从明确督促监护令的体系化内容要素、确定规范化的适用范围、完善前期调查评估和后期跟踪调整程序、协同社会支持力量、构建阶梯式强制保障体系等方面进行完善。With the goal of promoting the healthy growth of minors,the legislative demand of the Family Education Promotion Law is to universally enhance the capacity of family education and regulate family education behavior.However,within the flexible legislation,advocacy measures that focus on guidance and promotion are difficult to fully address the various problems in family education reflected in juvenile delinquency or criminal infringement in judicial practice.Between the improper and mild parenting methods and the direct infringement of guardianship,we should focus on the connection between law and law,and further clarify the mandatory connotation of Article 49 of the Family Education Promotion Law ordering acceptance of family education guidance.We should strengthen the judicial intervention of the state on family guardianship dysfunction and difficult self-healing guardianship behaviors,and establish an effective intermediate measure through the mandatory writ of supervision and guardianship.Establishing a standardized system for receiving recommendations of family education guidance,mandatory supervision orders,and rigid revocation of guardianship qualifications,and also promoting the implementation of guardianship responsibilities of the Civil Code through the family education approach of social law.In terms of the specific structure of supervision and guardianship,it can be improved from clarifying the systematic content elements of supervision and guardianship orders,determining the standardized scope of application,improving the preliminary investigation and evaluation and subsequent tracking and adjustment procedures,collaborating with social support,and constructing a tiered mandatory security system.

关 键 词：家庭教育促进法 柔性立法 强制干预 督促监护 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D922.1[政治法律—法学]