中欧班列治理机制及其对“一带一路”建设的示范意义  

The Governance Mechanism of the China-Europe Freight Trains and Its Demonstration Significance for the Construction of“The Belt and Road”

作　　者：马斌[1] Ma Bin

机构地区：[1]复旦大学国际问题研究院

出　　处：《俄罗斯东欧中亚研究》2023年第6期35-47,156,共14页Russian，East European & Central Asian Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“中欧班列国际合作网络及其对‘一带一路’大通道安全的影响研究”(23BGJ062)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：中欧班列开行至今一直保持较快发展趋势,这使它不仅成为中国与“一带一路”沿线国家保持紧密联系的最佳方式,更成为学界观察和理解中国与沿线国家合作共建“一带一路”的典范项目。建立和完善治理机制是中欧班列建设的重要内容,也是中欧班列发展的重要保障。中欧班列治理机制包括国家层面的管理指导机制、行业层面的磋商议事机制以及跨国层面的协调合作机制。其中,国家管理指导机制作为中国管理指导中欧班列的顶层机制,包括明确中欧班列定位和原则、出台中欧班列规划和政策、协调处理中欧班列难题三方面内容。行业磋商机制依托中欧班列运输协调委员会来组织行业对话和协调,包括统一中欧班列业务运营、确立中欧班列运营规范、协调班列行业行动步调。以运输联合工作组为核心的中欧班列国际协调合作机制主要发挥构建和完善国际协调平台、协调和优化班列运营组织两方面作用。由于中欧班列的飞速发展,各机制在发挥积极作用之外尚有某些不足之处,有待进一步完善。中欧班列治理机制的建立和完善对“一带一路”发展具有重要示范意义。在通过机制建设推动“一带一路”发展的过程中,聚焦现实难题、依托现有平台和推动多方参与等举措既是建立相关国际合作机制的主要路径,也可为中国与沿线国家共建“一带一路”提供重要助力。The China-Europe freight trains have maintained rapid development since its launch,and has become a model project for cooperation between China and countries along the Belt and Road(B&R).Establishing and improving governance mechanisms is an important part of the construction of China-Europe freight trains and an important guarantee for development.The governance mechanism of China-Europe freight trains includes the management mechanism of the Chinese government,the consultation mechanism at the industry level,and the coordination mechanism at the transnational level.Due to the rapid development of China-Europe freight trains,these mechanisms have exposed certain limitations and need to be further improved.The establishment and improvement of the governance mechanism for China-Europe freight trains will be an important demonstration for the development of the Belt and Road.Focusing on practical problems,relying on existing platforms and promoting multi-party participation are the main ways to establish relevant international cooperation mechanisms,and can also provide important impetus for cooperation between China and countries along the Belt and Road.

关 键 词：中欧班列 国际铁路联运 “一带一路”倡议 国际协调机制协调管理机制 行业磋商机制 

分 类 号：F532.4[经济管理—产业经济] F125