环境法体系中的应对气候变化立法  

Legislation on Climate Change in Environmental Law System

作　　者：吴凯杰 Wu Kaijie

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院 [2]北京大学碳中和研究院

出　　处：《法治社会》2023年第6期13-26,共14页Law-Based Society

摘　　要：应对气候变化法与环境法具有调整目标、调整对象与调整手段上的共性,虽然应对气候变化法具有空间上的大尺度性、科学上的不确定性、时间上的代际影响等特征,但并未超过环境法体系的稳定性预设。传统环境法体系具有包括污染防治法、资源保护法和生态保护法的“三元构造”,可在弹性范围内有限地满足应对气候变化的规范需要,但难以满足减碳、增汇、适应的整体需要,因而需要具有独立子部门地位的应对气候变化法。作为环境法体系的独立子部门,应对气候变化立法可分为基础立法和专门立法,其中传统环境法体系的立法革新属于基础立法范畴,此外还需制定专门的应对气候变化立法来实现制度创新。Climate change law and environmental law have commonness in adjustment objectives,adjustment objects and adjustment means.Although climate change law has the characteristics of large scale in space,scientific uncertainty and intergenerational influence in time,it does not exceed the stability presupposition of environmental law system.The traditional environmental law system has a“ternary structure”including pollution prevention and control law,resource protection law and ecological protection law,which can meet the normative needs of climate change in a limited range of flexibility,but it is difficult to meet the overall needs of carbon reduction,sink increase and adaptation,so it is necessary to have an independent sub-department status to deal with climate change.As an independent sub-department of environmental law system,climate change legislation can be divided into basic legislation and special legislation,among which the legislative innovation of traditional environmental law system belongs to the category of basic legislation,and special climate change legislation needs to be formulated to realize institutional innovation.

关 键 词：环境法体系 应对气候变化立法 双碳立法 减污降碳 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]