臭氧暴露对大豆叶片群体光合作用及产量的影响  

Effects of ozone exposure on photosynthesis of leaf population and yield of soybean

作　　者：姚扬 程攀 张红星[1,4] 童思思 赵露 王效科 YAO Yang;CHENG Pan;ZHANG Hongxing;TONG Sisi;ZHAO Lu;WANG Xiaoke(State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco Enironmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Bejing Urban Ecosystem Research Station,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]云南大学生态与环境学院,昆明650091 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]北京城市生态系统研究站,北京100085

出　　处：《生态学报》2023年第21期8759-8768,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31971509)。

摘　　要：臭氧(O_(3))已经成为我国许多大中城市夏季的首要污染物,其具有较强的植物毒性,严重威胁农业安全。O_(3)污染常发生于高温晴天,具有间歇性和累积性的特点,但现有研究多集中于在叶片尺度上探究长期O_(3)暴露对植物生理过程的影响,而间歇性暴露对植物整株生长和光合生理特性的影响鲜有报道。以大豆为实验对象,依托开顶式气室(OTC)进行间歇性臭氧暴露,探究大豆叶片群体光合作用及产量对间歇性O_(3)暴露的响应。结果发现(1)间歇性O_(3)暴露具有累积性和恢复性,在低O_(3)暴露剂量(AOT40≤2.47μL L^(-1) h^(-1))处理下,大豆植株的净光合速率降低,但与对照组无显著差异。当AOT40较高时(AOT40≤5.35μL L^(-1) h^(-1)),大豆植株的净光合速率显著降低,而随着O_(3)胁迫的消失,大豆植株的净光合速率逐渐回升,并最终恢复。(2)不同的光合参数对间歇性臭氧暴露敏感性不同,其中最大净光合速率最为敏感。在低AOT40下最大净光合速率显著降低,且恢复时间更长。(3)O_(3)二次暴露后,净光合速率降低幅度较低,且恢复更快,说明间歇性O_(3)暴露可能会提高大豆的耐受阈值。(4)当AOT40低于5.35μL L^(-1) h^(-1)时,对大豆产量无显著影响,说明间歇性臭氧暴露条件下,大豆减产阈值更高。Ozone(O_(3))has become the primary summer pollutant in some large cities in China.Its strong phytotoxicity posed a severe threat to agricultural security.Soybeans are considered one of the most sensitive crops to O_(3) contamination,and high levels of ozone exposure can lead to soybean yield reduction.O_(3) pollution often occurs on hot and sunny days and is intermittent and cumulative.So under natural conditions,intermittent ozone exposure is the primary exposure mode for soybeans.Still,most previous studies focused on the effects of long-term O_(3) stress on plant physiological processes at the leaf scale.In contrast,few studies have investigated the effects of intermittent exposure on whole plant growth and photosynthetic physiological properties.In this study,we set two levels of O_(3) concentration control check(ambient O_(3) concentration)and treatment(above ambient 80 nL/L)based on open-top chambers.The fumigation experiments were conducted in two sessions of 5 days each.The 12 pots of soybeans were divided into two groups of six replicates each.Before and after intermittent O_(3) exposure,the photosynthesis of the soybeans population was measured by a custom-made dynamic flux chamber.After the soybean was harvested,indicators such as biomass and yield per plant were counted.At last,we investigated the response of soybean leaf population photosynthesis as well as yield to intermittent O_(3) exposure when the ambient ozone concentration increases by 80 nL/L.The results showed that(1)The effect of intermittent O_(3) exposure was cumulative and reversible,and the net photosynthetic rate of soybean plants was reduced at low O_(3) exposure doses(AOT40≤2.47μL L^(-1) h^(-1)),which was not significantly different from the control group.When AOT40 was less than 5.35μL L^(-1) h^(-1),the net photosynthetic rate of soybean plants was reduced considerably.While O_(3) stress disappeared,the net photosynthetic rate of soybean plants gradually rebounded and eventually recovered.(2)Different photosynthetic parameters w

关 键 词：间歇性臭氧暴露 臭氧胁迫后恢复 净光合速率 光响应曲线拟合 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]