失重后立位耐力不良的发生机制及其对抗措施研究进展  

Mechanism and countermeasures of post-space flight orthostatic intolerance

作　　者：孙姣 单兆亮 SUN Jiao;SHAN Zhao-liang(Medical School of Chinese PLA,Beijing 100853,China;Department of Cardiology,First Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军医学院,北京100853 [2]中国人民解放军总医院第一医学中心心血管内科,北京100853

出　　处：《心脏杂志》2023年第6期689-693,共5页Chinese Heart Journal

摘　　要：随着我国航空航天事业的发展,失重对人体生理功能的影响日益受到学界重视,特别是心血管系统对微重力的再适应调节可能对宇航员的健康及工作效能产生不利影响,立位耐力不良即人体由失重状态重新进入重力场后常见的不良反应之一。目前研究认为,失重后立位耐力不良的发生可能与体液再分布、血容量减少、心肌萎缩、静脉顺应性增加、外周阻力下降、脑血流调节异常、自主神经及压力反射受损、前庭功能异常等多种因素相关,本文对相关发生机制及可能的对抗措施进行综述。With the development of China's aerospace industry,much attention has been paid to the influence of weightlessness on human physiological functions.Cardiovascular deconditioning to microgravity may have adverse effects on the health and work efficiency of astronauts.Post-space flight orthostatic intolerance or PSOI is one of the common adverse effects after astronaouts' re-enters the gravity field from weightlessness.Recent studies suggest that the occurrence of PSOI may be related to multiple factors such as fluid redistribution,hypovolemia,cardiac atrophy,increased venous compliance,low peripheral resistance,abnormal cerebral blood flow regulation,impaired autonomic nerve and baroreflex,and vestibular dysfunction.This article reviews the relevant mechanisms and possible countermeasures.

关 键 词：立位耐力不良 失重 心血管系统 再适应 

分 类 号：R856.2[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]