高岭土插层剥片技术研究进展及展望  

Research Progress and Prospect on the Intercalation and Exfoliation Technology of Kaolin

作　　者：傅梁杰 屈雨鑫[2,4] 樊迪康 杨华明 FU Liangjie;QU Yuxin;FAN Dikang;YANG Huaming(Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;Hunan Key Lab of Mineral Materials and Application,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)纳米矿物材料及应用教育部工程研究中心,湖北武汉430074 [2]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [3]中国地质大学(武汉)材料科学与化学学院,湖北武汉430074 [4]中南大学湖南省矿物材料与应用重点实验室,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《金属矿山》2023年第11期1-15,共15页Metal Mine

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2023YFE0100300)。

摘　　要：插层剥片能够大幅提升高岭土径厚比、比表面积等指标,是高岭土在生物医药、橡胶、涂料、吸附和催化等领域高端应用的关键技术,对高岭土矿产资源的高值化利用具有非常重要的意义。重点归纳和总结了近年来高岭土插层剥片的国内外研究进展,统计了插层剂种类、高岭土产地和插层反应条件(温度、水含量和时间)等对高岭土层间距和插层率的影响,阐述了辅助插层、多次插层置换等插层技术对高岭土层间距和插层率的影响,分析了不同工艺参数对插层效率的影响规律;阐述了物理剥片法、化学剥片法和物理化学剥片法等剥片技术,分析了剥片设备及工艺参数对不同产地高岭土的层间距、片层厚度、比表面积、孔容及形貌的影响。进而基于国内外研究进展探讨了插层微观机制、插层剂污染及高岭土径厚比低、纳米片不稳定等问题,并对高岭土插层剥片技术的未来发展方向进行了展望。绿色高效的插层剥片技术的研发与推广,对我国高端高岭土矿物粉体生产及下游产业高性能材料开发与利用具有重要意义。Intercalation and exfoliation can greatly improve the diameter to thickness ratio,specific surface area and other product specifications of kaolin.It is a key technology for high-end applications of kaolin in biomedicine,rubber,coating,ad-sorption,catalysis and other fields,and has very important significance for the high quality utilization of kaolin mineral re-sources.This paper mainly summarizes the research progress of kaolin intercalation and exfoliation at home and abroad in re-cent years.The influences of intercalation agent type,kaolin origin and intercalation reaction conditions(temperature,water content and time)on kaolin interlayer spacing and intercalation rate were analyzed.The influences of intercalation technologies such as assisted intercalation and multiple intercalation replacement on kaolin interlayer spacing and intercalation rate are ex-pounded.The influence laws of different process parameters on intercalation efficiency were analyzed,and the exfoliation tech-nologies such as physical exfoliation,chemical exfoliation and physical and chemical exfoliation were described.The influences of exfoliation equipment and process parameters on the layer spacing,layer thickness,specific surface area,pore volume and morphology of kaolin from different producing areas were analyzed.Then,based on the research progress at home and abroad,the problems of intercalation and exfoliation technology,such as intercalation mechanism,intercalation agent pollution,low di-ameter to thickness ratio of kaolin and instability of nanosheets,were discussed in depth,and the future development direction of kaolin intercalation and stripping was prospected.The development and popularization of green and efficient intercalation ex-foliation technology is of great significance to the production of high-end kaolin mineral powder and the development and utili-zation of high-performance materials in downstream industry.

关 键 词：高岭土 纳米高岭土 插层 剥片 

分 类 号：TD985[矿业工程—选矿] TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]