《汉杂事秘辛》杨慎伪撰说生成史及其反思  

Reflection on the Formative Process of Yang Shen's Pseudo-writingof The Miscellaneous Secrets

作　　者：朱仙林 ZHU Xian-lin(College of Literature,Jiangsu Second Normal University,Nanjing 211200,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏第二师范学院文学院,江苏南京211200

出　　处：《徐州工程学院学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期77-82,89,共7页Journal of Xuzhou Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国古代类书叙录、整理与研究”(项目编号19ZDA245)阶段性成果;国家社科基金项目“杨慎与中晚明考据学群体研究”(项目号17CZW027)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《汉杂事秘辛》是杨慎从安宁州董氏处得到的一部颇具特点的文言小说。杨慎认为此书成书于东汉。胡震亨等人以书中所述史实与史传所载不符,认为此书非东汉人所撰。沈德符首次提出该书乃杨慎伪撰,并得到后世大多数人的认可。但通过考察可见,由沈德符“论定”,并经四库馆臣、周中孚等人层累地构建起来的杨慎伪撰说,其证据却仅有该书非成书于东汉及杨慎得书于董氏两点,且均不具有说服力。但遗憾的是,因四库馆臣对明代学者的傲慢态度,特别是对杨慎的成见过深,因此错失了得到真相的机会。而后人因未能细致梳理杨慎伪撰说的生成史,只是慑于四库馆臣及诸大家如梁启超等的分析,也错失了寻找真相的机会,这不能不说是十分遗憾且值得认真加以反思的。The Miscellaneous Secrets is a distinctive classical Chinese novel obtained by Yang Shen from Dong's family in Anning Prefecture.Yang Shen believed that this book was written in the Eastern Han Dynasty.Hu Zhenheng and others disagreed with him because the historical facts stated in the book did not match the historical records.Shen Defu was the first one who proposed that the book was pseudo-written by Yang Shen,and this was recognized by most people in later generations.However,through investigation,it can be seen that this sayings,which were"determined"by Shen Defu and developed by the compile officials of The Four Categories and Zhou Zhongfu,were only supported by the evidence that the book was not written in the Eastern Han Dynasty and that Yang Shen obtained it from the Dong's family.This was not convincing.Unfortunately,due to the arrogant attitude of the compile officials of The Four Categories towards scholars of the Ming Dynasty,especially their deep prejudice towards Yang Shen,the opportunity to obtain the truth was missed.Later generations,who failed to carefully sort out the formative process of the fake evaluation of Yang Shen,but were intimidated by the analysis of the scholars of the The Four Categories and other great figures such as Liang Qichao,also missed the opportunity to find the truth.This is a great pity and worthy of serious reflection.

关 键 词：《汉杂事秘辛》 杨慎 沈德符 《四库全书总目》 辨伪 

分 类 号：G256[文化科学—图书馆学]