拟穴青蟹“龙舟”型工厂化循环水养殖系统设计及养殖效果分析  

Design and effect analysis of industrial culture system for Scylla paramamosain“Dragon Boat”type factory recirculating aquaculture system

作　　者：刘铮 黄伟卿 张艺 徐侃 李婷婷 邵逸臻 林培华 LIU Zheng;HUANG Weiqing;ZHANG Yi;XU Kan;LI Tingting;SHAO Yizhen;LIN Peihua(School of Life Sciences,Ningde Normal University,Engineering Research Center of Mindong Aquatic Products Deep-Processing Fujian Provinciel University,Ningde 352100,Fujian,China;Ningde Dingcheng Fishery Company Limited,Ningde 352100,Fujian,China;Mindong Fishery Research Institute of Fujian Province,Ningde 352100,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]宁德师范学院生命科学学院,闽东水产品精深加工福建省高校工程研究中心,福建宁德352100 [2]宁德市鼎诚水产有限公司,福建宁德352100 [3]福建省闽东水产研究所,福建宁德352100

出　　处：《渔业现代化》2023年第6期17-24,共8页Fishery Modernization

基　　金：福建省海洋经济发展专项资金项目“拟穴青蟹智能化循环水养殖设备的开发与示范(FJHJF-L-2022-18)”;福建省社科研究基金“闽东特色乡村振兴之路研究中心(闽社科规[2020]1号)”;福建省自然科学基金“拟穴青蟹高度不饱和脂肪酸合成的分子机制及营养调控研究(2022J05273)”;闽东水产品精深加工福建省高校工程研究中心开放课题“拟穴青蟹工厂化养殖技术研究与应用(N5HY2022Y02)”;宁德师范学院校级课题“二氧化碳的富集与高值化利用协同创新中心(2023ZX02)”。

摘　　要：为解决拟穴青蟹传统池塘养殖面临互相残杀、受自然灾害影响导致损失严重及现有“蟹公寓”工厂化循环水养殖系统操作烦琐等产业瓶颈,将拟穴青蟹置于本试验设计的“龙舟”型工厂化循环水养殖系统和“蟹公寓”工厂化循环水养殖系统进行养殖,养殖周期30 d,比较存活率、养殖水质、生长性能及营养品质。结果显示:拟穴青蟹在“龙舟”型工厂化循环水养殖系统的存活率为(98.66±0.58)%,显著高于“蟹公寓”工厂化循环水养殖系统(P<0.05)。“龙舟”型工厂化循环水养殖系统中的养殖水体中的氨氮0.0625~0.0671 mg/L,亚硝酸盐0.0213~0.0253 mg/L,活性磷酸盐0.0315~0.0346 mg/L,均较“蟹公寓”工厂化循环水养殖系统低。“龙舟”型工厂化循环水养殖系统养殖的拟穴青蟹体质量特定生长率为(3.43±0.50)%/d,脱壳间隔时间为(20.4±0.25)d,生长性能显著高于“蟹公寓”工厂化循环水养殖系统(P<0.05)。“龙舟”型工厂化循环水养殖系统养殖的拟穴青蟹肌肉中必需氨基酸指数(E)为67.35,高于“蟹公寓”工厂化循环水养殖系统,且肌肉中脂肪酸组成及质量安全均优于“蟹公寓”工厂化循环水养殖系统。研究表明,采用“龙舟”型工厂化循环水养殖系统养殖拟穴青蟹能取得减少水质污染,提高拟穴青蟹的存活率、生长速度,以及改善肌肉营养并减少肌肉中重金属含量的养殖成效,可作为拟穴青蟹工厂化养殖新模式。To solve the industrial bottlenecks of the traditional pond aquaculture of the Scylla paramamosain,such as mutual killing,severe losses caused by natural disasters,and the cumbersome operation of the existing factory circulating aquaculture system of“Crab Apartment”,the Scylla paramamosain was cultured in the"Dragon Boat"type factory circulating aquaculture system and the factory circulating aquaculture system of"Crab Apartment"designed in this experiment.The breeding cycle was 30 d.The study aimed compare the survival rate,aquaculture water environment,growth performance and nutritional quality.The results showed as follows:The survival rate of the Scylla paramamosain in the dragon-boat type factory circulating aquaculture system was(98.66±0.58)%,which was significantly higher than that in the crab apartment factory circulating aquaculture system(P<0.05).In the"Dragon Boat"type industrial recirculating aquaculture system,the ammonia nitrogen content was 0.0625-0.0671 mg/L,the nitrite nitrogen content was 0.0213-0.0253 mg/L,and the active phosphate content was 0.0315-0.0346 mg/L,all of which were lower than that in the"Crab Apartment"industrial recirculating aquaculture system.The body weight specific growth rate of the"Dragon Boat"type factory recirculating aquaculture system was(3.43±0.50)%/d,the molting interval time was(20.4±0.25)d,and the growth performance was significantly higher than that of the"crab flat"factory recirculating aquaculture system(P<0.05).The essential amino acid index(E)in muscle of the Scylla paramamosain cultured in the"Dragon Boat"type industrial recirculating aquaculture system was 67.35,which was higher than that in the"Crab House"industrial recirculating aquaculture system;The fatty acid composition and quality safety of muscle were better than that of"Crab Apartment"industrial circulating aquaculture system.The results showed that the adoption of the"Dragon Boat"type industrial recycle aquaculture system could reduce water pollution,improve the survival rate and growth rate o

关 键 词：拟穴青蟹 “龙舟”型 蟹公寓 工厂化养殖 循环水养殖系统 

分 类 号：S969.35[农业科学—水产养殖]