Digital earth:yesterday,today,and tomorrow  

作　　者：Alessandro Annoni Stefano Nativi ArzuÇöltekin Cheryl Desha Eugene Eremchenko Caroline M.Gevaert Gregory Giuliani Min Chen Luis Perez-Mora Joseph Strobl Stephanie Tumampos 

机构地区：[1]International Society for Digital Earth,Beijing,People’s Republic of China [2]National Research Council,Rome,Italy [3]University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland FHNW,School of Engineering,Institute of Interactive Technologies IIT,Brugg-Windisch,Switzerland [4]Nathan Campus,Griffith University,Cities Research Institute,Brisbane,Australia [5]Lomonosov Moscow State University,Moscow,Russia [6]Department of Earth Observation Science,University of Twente,Twente,The Netherland [7]Institute for Environmental Sciences/enviroSPACE,University of Geneva,Geneva,Switzerland [8]Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment(Ministry of Education of PRC),Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing,People’s Republic of China [9]Cities Research Institute,Nathan Campus,Griffith University,Brisbane,Australia [10]Department of Geoinformatics,University of Salzburg,Salzburg,Austria [11]Chair of Remote Sensing Technology,Technical University of Munich,Munich,Germany [12]Big Geospatial Data Management,Technical University of Munich,Munich,Germany

出　　处：《International Journal of Digital Earth》2023年第1期1022-1072,共51页国际数字地球学报（英文）

摘　　要：The concept of Digital Earth(DE)was formalized by Al Gore in 1998.At that time the technologies needed for its implementation were in an embryonic stage and the concept was quite visionary.Since then digital technologies have progressed significantly and their speed and pervasiveness have generated and are still causing the digital transformation of our society.This creates new opportunities and challenges for the realization of DE.‘What is DE today?’,‘What could DE be in the future?’,and‘What is needed to make DE a reality?’.To answer these questions it is necessary to examine DE considering all the technological,scientific,social,and economic aspects,but also bearing in mind the principles that inspired its formulation.By understanding the lessons learned from the past,it becomes possible to identify the remaining scientific and technological challenges,and the actions needed to achieve the ultimate goal of a‘Digital Earth for all’.This article reviews the evolution of the DE vision and its multiple definitions,illustrates what has been achieved so far,explains the impact of digital transformation,illustrates the new vision,and concludes with possible future scenarios and recommended actions to facilitate full DE implementation.

关 键 词：Digital Earth digital transformation sustainable development data governance and ethic citizen empowerment and industry engagement 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济]