发酵农副产品在反刍动物生产中的应用  

Application of Fermented Agricultural and Sideline Products in Ruminant Production

作　　者：刘依莎 许迟 吴仙花 李涛 张巧娥[1] LIU Yisha;XU Chi;WU Xianhua;LI Tao;ZHANG Qiaoe(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;China Ningxia Dabei Agricultural Technology Industry Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 750200,China;State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,Institute of Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏大北农科技实业有限公司,银川750200 [3]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2023年第12期4816-4825,共10页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2021BEF02030);国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-37)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着人民生活水平的提高,对畜产品的需求量逐年增加,导致畜牧业饲料用粮需求迅速提高,粮食紧张及人畜争粮的状况日趋严重。农副产品经过加工精制后可制备出多种产品,如农作物玉米秸秆、稻壳、饼粕糟渣类、果蔬渣等,其营养物质丰富、产量大、价格低廉,是优质的发酵饲料。因此,利用各类生物技术提高发酵农副产品资源的品质和利用率来解决中国饲料资源紧缺、饲料资源结构不合理的问题,是近年来畜牧业发展研究的重点。发酵可以改善农副产品的营养价值和适口性,降低抗营养因子含量,增加有益菌含量,促进营养物质的消化和吸收,从而提高反刍动物的饲料利用率,降低饲养成本。发酵农副产品具有营养价值高、抗营养因子含量低、富含益生菌等优点,在反刍动物生产中有着广阔的应用前景。作者对农副产品的概况、发酵农副产品的菌种、发酵工艺及发酵农副产品在反刍动物生产中的应用进行综述,旨在为发酵农副产品的开发和应用提供参考。In recent years,with the improvement of people’s living standards,the demand for livestock products has increased year by year,leading to the rapid increase of the demand for animal husbandry,and the situation of grain shortage and livestock has become more and more serious.Agricultural and sideline products can be processed after refining a variety of products,such as crop corn straw,rice husk,cake dregs,dregs,fruit and vegetable residue,etc.,because of its rich nutrients,large yield,low price,is a high quality fermented feed.Therefore,the problem of improving the shortage of feed resources and the problem of unreasonable structure of feed resources is the focus of the development of animal husbandry in recent years.Fermentation can improve the nutritional value and palatability of agricultural and sideline products,reduce the content of antinutritional factors,increase the content of beneficial bacteria,promote the digestion and absorption of nutrients,thus improve the feed utilization of ruminant feed and reduce the feeding cost.Fermented agricultural and sideline products have the advantages of high nutritional value,low anti-nutritional factor content,and rich in probiotics,which have broad application prospects in ruminant production.The author summarizes the overview of agricultural and sideline products,the strains and fermentation process and the application of fermentation in ruminant production,aiming to provide reference for the development and application of fermented agricultural and sideline products.

关 键 词：反刍动物 发酵农副产品 发酵菌种 发酵工艺 生产性能 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]