攀枝花城市气传花粉现状及与过敏性鼻炎发生的相关性分析  

Current situation of airborne pollen and its correlation with allergic rhinitis in urban area of Panzhihua City

作　　者：张雄[1] 戴林桐 邹森 卿丽华[1] ZHANG Xiong;DAI Lintong;ZOU Sen;QING Lihua(Panzhihua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Panzhihua,Sichuan 617000,China)

机构地区：[1]攀枝花市中西医结合医院,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2023年第11期1325-1329,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：攀枝花市指导性科技计划项目(2020ZD-N-3)。

摘　　要：目的探讨攀枝花城市气传花粉现状,分析其与过敏性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)发生的相关性,为该地区AR患者诊治和预防提供依据。方法2021年5月—2022年5月,采用标准空气花粉取样器在攀枝花学院临床医学系解剖楼五楼天台采样,采用重力沉降法取样,记录花粉的种类和数量。选取2021年5月—2022年4月因AR在攀枝花市中西医结合医院耳鼻喉门诊就诊的患者180例为研究对象,采用点刺液行皮试,询问AR患者发病季节;采用视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评估AR患者疾病严重程度。Pearson相关性分析每月城市气传花粉含量与每月发病人数的关系。结果构属花粉占全年花粉总量59.56%,为攀枝花地区绝对优势气传花粉。桑科花粉含量其次,占全年花粉总量17.15%;大麻/葎草属花粉含量位列第三,占全年花粉总量的4.37%。12月攀枝花城区气传花粉含量最少,2月开始逐渐增多,第一高峰出现在3—4月,6月第一高峰基本消失,攀枝花城区气传花粉含量第二高峰出现在9—10月,冬季该地区气传花粉含量最少。AR患者发病主要集中在3、4、9和10月,与攀枝花城区气传花粉播散高峰期相吻合。每月城市气传花粉含量与每月发病人数呈正相关(r=0.972,P<0.001)。气传花粉含量高的月份,AR患者VAS评分明显较高;气传花粉含量低的月份,AR患者VAS评分明显较低。结论攀枝花市城市气传花粉以构属、桑科和大麻/葎草属花粉为优势气传花粉,3—4月和9—10月为高峰,AR患者发病季节与气传花粉播散高峰期一致,说明气传花粉含量与AR发病有相关性。Objective To explore the current status of airborne pollen and analyze its correlation with the occurrence of allergic rhinitis(AR)in urban area of Panzhihua City so as to provide a basis for AR diagnosis,treatment and prevention of local patients.Methods The samples were collected on the fifth-floor roof of anatomy building in Clinical Medicine Department of Panzhihua University by standardized air pollen sampler from May 2021 to May 2022.The sampling was performed by gravity sedimentation method to record species and quantity of pollen.180 AR outpatients treated in otolaryngology department of Panzhihua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from May 2021 and April 2022 were selected as the research subjects.All patients underwent skin tests by prick solution,and then they were inquired about the onset seasons.The AR patients’disease severity was evaluated by visual analogue scale(VAS).Pearson correlation analysis was performed to ascertain the relationship between the content of monthly airborne pollen and the number of monthly onset cases.Results Broussonetieae pollen accounted for 59.56%of the total pollen in the whole year,which was the absolutely dominant airborne pollen in Panzhihua City,followed by Moraceae pollen(17.15%)and Cannabis/Humulus pollen(4.37%).The content of airborne pollen in Panzhihua City was the lowest in December,and then gradually increased since February.The first peak occurred in March-April,and then basically disappeared in June.The second peak happened in September-October,but the content of airborne pollen was the lowest in winter.The main onset seasons in the AR patients were March,April,September and October,which were consistent with the dissemination peak of airborne pollen in Panzhihua City.The content of monthly airborne pollen was positively correlated with the number of monthly onset cases(r=0.972,P<0.001).The AR patients’VAS scores were found to be significantly higher in the months with higher content of airborne pollen,but their VAS scores we

关 键 词：攀枝花 城区 气传花粉 过敏性鼻炎 相关性 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]