2019—2021年乌鲁木齐市大气颗粒物对心脑血管疾病住院人数的影响  

Impact of atmospheric particulate matters on the number of hospitalizations for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Urumqi,2019-2021

作　　者：王雯艺 马龙[1] 苏德奇[1] 马倩倩 杨浩峰[2] WANG Wenyi;MA Long;SU Deqi;MA Qianqian;YANG Haofeng(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China;Urumqi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]乌鲁木齐市疾病预防控制中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2023年第11期1338-1342,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨乌鲁木齐市大气颗粒物(PM_(2.5)、PM_(10))与心脑血管疾病之间的关系。方法收集乌鲁木齐市2019—2021年大气污染物、气象因素和心脑血管疾病住院数据,基于分布滞后非线性模型(distributed lag no-linear model,DLNM)分析大气颗粒物短期暴露对心脑血管疾病住院的风险效应。并对年龄、性别、季节进行亚组分析。结果大气颗粒物与心脑血管疾病住院之间显著相关。当PM_(2.5)浓度每增加10μg/m^(3),累积滞后7 d时对全人群、男性和<65岁人群心脑血管疾病住院的相对危险度分别为1.115(1.065~1.167)、1.130(1.077~1.186)和1.123(1.071~1.178)。当PM_(10)浓度每增加10μg/m^(3),滞后1 d时对全人群、男性和<65岁人群心脑血管疾病住院的相对危险度分别为1.005(1.000~1.009)、1.006(1.001~1.011)和1.005(1.004~1.010)。冬季PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)对心脑血管疾病住院最大效应值为1.018(1.006~1.032)和1.004(1.000~1.009)。结论短期暴露于PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)会增加心脑血管疾病住院风险,应重点关注大气颗粒物的防治并重视敏感人群,特殊季节的健康保健工作。Objective To explore the relationship between atmospheric particulate matters(including PM_(2.5)and PM_(10))and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Urumqi City.Methods We collected the data about atmospheric pollutants,meteorological factors and hospitalizations for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Urumqi from 2019 to 2021,analyzed the risk effects of short-term exposure to atmospheric particulate matters on hospitalizations for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases based on the distributed lag non-linear model(DLNM).Subgroup analysis was also performed for age,sex,and season.Results There was a significant association between atmospheric particulate matters and hospitalizations for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.The relative risk of hospitalizations for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was 1.115(1.065-1.167)for the whole population,1.130(1.077-1.186)for males and 1.123(1.071-1.178)for people aged<65 years when the cumulative lag was 7 days for every 10μg/m^(3)increase in the PM_(2.5)concentration.The relative risk of hospitalizations for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was 1.005(1.000-1.009)for the whole population,1.006(1.001-1.011)for males and 1.005(1.004-1.010)for people aged<65 years when the lag was 1 day for every 10μg/m^(3)increase in the PM_(10)concentration.The maximum effect values of PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)on hospitalizations for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in winter were 1.018(1.006-1.032)and 1.004(1.000-1.009)respectively.Conclusion Short-term exposure to PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)can increase the risk of hospitalizations for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Hence we should focus on the prevention and treatment of atmospheric particulate matters and pay attention to the health care of sensitive people and special seasons.

关 键 词：心脑血管疾病 分布滞后非线性模型 大气颗粒物 住院人数 

分 类 号：R122􀆰[医药卫生—环境卫生学]