山东省预防接种服务可及性的公平性研究  

Study on the fairness of vaccination service accessibility in Shandong Province

作　　者：栾桂杰 张伟燕[1] 明明[2] 孙靓 刘少楠[1] LUAN Gui-jie;ZHANG Wei-yan;MING Ming;SUN Liang;LIU Shao-nan(Institute of Immunization and Prevention,Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心免疫预防管理所,山东济南250014 [2]泰安市疾病预防控制中心计划免疫科

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第23期4323-4327,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中华预防医学会疫苗与免疫青年人才托举项目(CPMAQT_YM0314)。

摘　　要：目的评价山东省预防接种服务现况的公平性,为进一步调整优化预防接种单位和人力资源的合理配置提供相应依据。方法利用山东省免疫规划系统内综合管理数据对预防接种单位和接种人员服务可及性两项指标进行分析,采用基尼系数和泰尔指数分析其公平性。结果山东省设置有2422个预防接种单位,共有19497名接种人员,平均每个接种单位服务4.20万人,平均每名接种人员服务0.52万人;全省预防接种单位和接种人员服务可及性的基尼系数为0.245和0.243,均处于“比较平均”水平,但是济南、东营、聊城等3个市预防接种人员服务可及性的基尼系数大于0.4,处于“差距较大”水平;全省预防接种单位和接种人员服务可及性的泰尔指数分别为0.000779和0.045370,各市之间的差异主要来源于市内各县区之间资源分配不均衡。结论山东省预防接种单位配置比较合理,但是接种人员配置方面有待加强和优化,尤其是均衡县区间的人力资源配置。Objective To evaluate the fairness of vaccination services in Shandong Province,and to provide a basis for further adjusting and optimizing the rational allocation of vaccination institutions and human resources.Methods The comprehensive management data in the immunization planning system of Shandong Province were used to analyze the service accessibility of vaccination institutions and personnel,and the fairness was analyzed by Gini coefficient and Theil index.Results There were 2422 vaccination institutions in Shandong Province,with a total of 19497 vaccination personnel,with an average of 42000 persons per vaccination institution and 5200 persons per vaccination personnel.The Gini coefficient of service accessibility of vaccination institutions and vaccination personnel in the province was 0.245 and 0.243,respectively,at the“relatively average”level.The Gini coefficient of service accessibility of vaccination personnel in Jinan,Dongying,and Liaocheng was more than 0.4,which was at the level of“big gap”.The Theil index of service accessibility of vaccination institutions and vaccination personnel in the province was 0.000779 and 0.045370,respectively.The difference among cities was mainly due to the uneven distribution of resources among counties and districts.Conclusion The allocation of vaccination institutions in Shandong Province is reasonable,but the allocation of vaccination personnel needs to be strengthened and optimized,especially within different counties.

关 键 词：预防接种 资源配置 公平性 基尼系数 泰尔指数 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]