水热裂解有机肥对白菜生长和土壤性质的影响  

Effects of Hydrothermal Organic Fertilizer on Cabbage Growth and Soil Properties

作　　者：王珏[1] 李彦明[2] 孙辉 陈清[2] 张衍国[1] WANG Jue;LI Yanming;SUN Hui;CHEN Qing;ZHANG Yanguo(Department of Energy and Power Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084;College of Resources and Environment,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193;Beijing Hydecom Technology Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]清华大学能源与动力工程系,北京100084 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [3]北京禾适科技有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第23期8-14,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划资助项目(2020B1111380001)。

摘　　要：以水热裂解工艺生产的固体有机肥和液体有机肥为试材,采用田间小区试验方法,研究了水热裂解有机肥与化肥配施对设施白菜生长、品质和土壤理化性质的影响,以期为水热裂解工艺生产的有机肥料的农业利用提供参考依据。结果表明:与单施化肥相比,固体有机肥或液体有机肥与化肥混施能够显著促进白菜植株和叶片的生长,白菜产量最高增加14.9%,表现出良好的化肥增效作用。同时,与单施化肥相比,施用固体有机肥或液体有机肥均可显著提高白菜维生素C含量,硝酸盐累积量降低6%以上,改善白菜品质和耐储性。此外,液体有机肥能够快速增加土壤有机质含量并活化磷素,与化肥混施后土壤有机质和速效磷含量分别提高了23.8%和13.1%。因此,将水热裂解工艺生产的固体有机肥或液体有机肥与化肥混施是一种促进设施白菜增产增质和改善土壤环境的有效方式。Taking solid and liquid organic fertilizers produced by hydrothermal cracking process as experimental materials,and adopted field plot experiment method to investigate the effects of hydrothermal cracking organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on the growth,quality and soil physicochemical properties of greenhouse cabbage,in order to provide reference for the agricultural utilization of organic fertilizer produced by hydrothermal cracking process.The results showed that compared with single application of chemical fertilizer,mixed application of solid or liquid organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer could significantly promote the growth of cabbage plant and leaf,and the cabbage yield increased by up to 14.9%,showing a good effect of increasing the efficiency of chemical fertilizer.At the same time,compared with single application of chemical fertilizer,application of solid or liquid organic fertilizer could significantly increase the vitamin C content of cabbage,reduce the nitrate accumulation by more than 6%,and improve the quality and storage resistance of cabbage.In addition,liquid organic fertilizer could quickly increase soil organic matter content and activate phosphorus,and the soil organic matter and available phosphorus content increased by 23.8%and 13.1%respectively after mixed application with chemical fertilizer.Therefore,mixed application of solid or liquid organic fertilizer produced by hydrothermal cracking process and chemical fertilizer was an effective way to promote the yield and quality of greenhouse cabbage and improve soil environment.

关 键 词：水热裂解 有机肥 设施蔬菜 产量 品质 土壤改良 

分 类 号：S634.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]